Mooi F R
National Institute of Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1988;54(5):465-74. doi: 10.1007/BF00461865.
Clearly, B. pertussis has evolved very elaborate mechanisms to maintain itself in the human host. Three different proteins (FHA, pertussis toxin and fimbriae) have been implicated in adherence. Furthermore, a number of toxins are produced (pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase, dermonecrotic toxin, and tracheal cytotoxin) which destroy the clearance mechanisms of the respiratory tract, or suppress the immune response. There is evidence that B. pertussis may survive intracellularly, and the possibility that it is a facultative intracellular parasite should certainly be explored. The availability of a large number of cloned virulence genes, and a system to construct well defined mutants by allelic exchange (Stibbitz et al. 1986) will greatly facilitate the study of Bordetella virulence factors at the molecular level. It opens the possibility to construct avirulent strains, which are still able to colonize and stimulate the local immune response. Such strains may be used as live, oral vaccines, to present (heterologous) antigens to the mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract.
显然，百日咳博德特氏菌已经进化出非常复杂的机制以在人类宿主中生存。三种不同的蛋白质（丝状血凝素、百日咳毒素和菌毛）与黏附有关。此外，还会产生多种毒素（百日咳毒素、腺苷酸环化酶、皮肤坏死毒素和气管细胞毒素），这些毒素会破坏呼吸道的清除机制或抑制免疫反应。有证据表明百日咳博德特氏菌可能在细胞内生存，因此确实应该探索它是否为兼性细胞内寄生虫。大量克隆的毒力基因的可得性，以及通过等位基因交换构建明确定义的突变体的系统（Stibbitz等人，1986年）将极大地促进在分子水平上对博德特氏菌毒力因子的研究。这使得构建无毒力菌株成为可能，这些菌株仍然能够定殖并刺激局部免疫反应。此类菌株可用作活的口服疫苗，以将（异源）抗原呈递给呼吸道的黏膜免疫系统。
