Jiang Qianzhi, Cohen Nancy L, Marra Melissa Ventura, Woolf Kathleen, Gilbride Judith, Francis Sarah L
a Department of Nutrition , The University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.
b Department of Human Nutrition and Foods , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA.
J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2017 Apr-Sep;36(2-3):75-91. doi: 10.1080/21551197.2017.1365039. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
Community planners such as policymakers and health care and nutrition service providers can create an "age-friendly" environment to support healthy eating in older residents by addressing the highest priorities that enable older adults to improve their dietary intake through different food-related community settings. To identify and prioritize these factors that facilitate behavioral change (enablers) and behavioral settings important for older adult nutrition based on the social ecological model, nutrition and aging professionals (n = 30) from two rural (West Virginia, Iowa) and two urban (Massachusetts, New York) city/county regions (communities) participated in an online or live focus group discussion and completed an analytic hierarchy process survey online. Overall, the most important perceived enablers were accessibility and cost, followed by transportation and social support, but their relative importance varied by community. Participants from all communities considered congregate meal sites and food banks among the most important behavioral settings. Participants from most communities considered food stores to be important and also highlighted other settings unique to the area, such as senior housing, neighborhood, and farmers' markets. By targeting interventions to address the most notable enablers and behavioral settings specific to their community, planning groups can enhance their older residents' ability to achieve optimal nutritional health.
政策制定者、医疗保健和营养服务提供者等社区规划者可以营造一个“对老年人友好”的环境，通过解决那些能让老年人在不同的与食物相关的社区环境中改善饮食摄入的首要优先事项，来支持老年居民的健康饮食。为了基于社会生态模型确定那些促进行为改变的因素（促成因素）以及对老年人营养重要的行为环境并对其进行优先排序，来自两个农村地区（西弗吉尼亚州、爱荷华州）和两个城市地区（马萨诸塞州、纽约州）的城市/县区域（社区）的营养与老龄化专业人士（n = 30）参与了在线或现场焦点小组讨论，并在线完成了层次分析法调查。总体而言，被认为最重要的促成因素是可及性和成本，并依次是交通和社会支持，但它们的相对重要性因社区而异。所有社区的参与者都认为集体用餐场所和食品银行是最重要的行为环境之一。大多数社区的参与者认为食品店很重要，并且还强调了该地区特有的其他环境，如老年住房、社区和农贸市场。通过针对特定社区最显著的促成因素和行为环境进行干预，规划小组可以提高其老年居民实现最佳营养健康的能力。
