Borderline & Body Lab, Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy.
University of Sydney, Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School - Nepean, Australia.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2018 Jan;31(1):57-62. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000374.
The purpose of this article is to review the most relevant conceptual models of borderline personality disorder (BPD), with a focus on recent developments in this area.
Several conceptual models have been proposed with the aim of better understanding BPD: the borderline personality organization, emotion dysregulation, reflective (mentalization) dysfunction, interpersonal hypersensitivity and hyperbolic temperament models. These models have all been supported to some extent and their common components include disorganized attachment and traumatic early experiences, emotion dysregulation, interpersonal sensitivity and difficulties with social cognition. An attempt to integrate some components of the conceptual models of BPD has resulted in an emerging new perspective, the interpersonal dysphoria model, which emphasizes dysphoria as an overarching phenomenon that connects the dispositional and situational aspects of BPD.
Various conceptual models have expanded our understanding of BPD, but it appears that further development entails theoretical integration. More research is needed to better understand interactions between various components of BPD, including the situational factors that activate symptoms of BPD. This will help develop therapeutic approaches that are more tailored to the heterogeneous psychopathology of BPD.
本文旨在综述边缘型人格障碍（BPD）最相关的概念模型，重点关注该领域的最新进展。
已经提出了几种概念模型，目的是更好地理解 BPD：边缘型人格组织、情绪调节障碍、反思（心理化）功能障碍、人际超敏和夸张气质模型。这些模型在某种程度上都得到了支持，它们的共同组成部分包括组织不良的依恋和创伤性的早期经历、情绪调节障碍、人际敏感和社交认知困难。尝试整合 BPD 概念模型的一些成分导致了一个新的观点，即人际烦躁模型，该模型强调烦躁作为一种普遍现象，将 BPD 的特质和情境方面联系起来。
各种概念模型扩展了我们对 BPD 的理解，但似乎进一步的发展需要理论上的整合。需要更多的研究来更好地理解 BPD 各个成分之间的相互作用，包括激活 BPD 症状的情境因素。这将有助于开发更适合 BPD 异质精神病理学的治疗方法。
