Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Mother's and Child's Health, Gynecologic and Obstetrical University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Nov;24(33):26148-26154. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0359-6. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
Rare-earth elements (REEs) are used in a growing number of applications, and their release to environment has increased over the decades. Knowledge of REEs in human milk and factors that could possibly influence their concentration is scarce. This study evaluated the concentrations of 16 REEs (Ce, Eu, Er, Gd, La, Nd, Pr, Sc, Sm, Dy, Ho, Lu, Tb, Tm, Y, and Yb) in human colostrum milk collected from Polish women (n = 100) with the ICP-OES technique. The concentrations (mean ± SD) of Pr (41.9 ± 13.2 μg L), Nd (11.0 ± 4.0 μg L), La (7.1 ± 5.2 μg L), and Er (2.2 ± 0.8 μg L) were found above detection limits. The total mean ± SD concentration of detected REEs was 60.9 ± 17.8 μg L. Current smokers displayed significantly increased Nd concentrations compared to women who had never smoked. No other associations between REEs in colostrum milk and age, diet in pregnancy (food supplement use and frequency of fish, meat, and vegetable consumption) or place of living (urban/rural) were found. This study adds to general understanding of the occurrence and turnover of REEs in women and human fluids.
稀土元素（REEs）在越来越多的应用中得到使用，其向环境中的释放量在几十年来有所增加。关于人乳中 REE 的知识以及可能影响其浓度的因素还很匮乏。本研究采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）评估了 100 名波兰妇女初乳中 16 种 REE（Ce、Eu、Er、Gd、La、Nd、Pr、Sc、Sm、Dy、Ho、Lu、Tb、Tm、Y 和 Yb）的浓度。Pr（41.9±13.2μg/L）、Nd（11.0±4.0μg/L）、La（7.1±5.2μg/L）和 Er（2.2±0.8μg/L）的浓度超过检测限。检测到的 REE 总浓度平均值±SD 为 60.9±17.8μg/L。与从未吸烟的女性相比，当前吸烟者的 Nd 浓度显著升高。在初乳中 REE 与年龄、妊娠期间的饮食（食用食物补充剂以及食用鱼、肉和蔬菜的频率）或居住地点（城市/农村）之间未发现其他关联。本研究增加了对 REE 在女性和人体液中出现和转化的一般认识。
