Tansey F A, Thampy K G, Cammer W
Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
Brain Res. 1988 Sep 1;471(1):131-8. doi: 10.1016/0165-3806(88)90158-7.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) catalyzes the first and, possibly, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid biosynthesis. Because oligodendrocytes must synthesize large amounts of lipid during myelination, the hypothesis was proposed that ACC might be localized in cells of that type. In sections from the brains of 12-day-old rats, ACC immunostaining was observed in glial cells in white matter and gray matter. These cells resembled carbonic anhydrase-positive oligodendrocytes at mature and immature stages of their development. Cells resembling typical oligodendrocytes were also ACC-positive in white matter from the forebrains and brainstems of 15-17 day-old-rats. In both the gray matter and the white matter of 21-day-old rats there were intensely ACC-positive cells that strongly resembled oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes in the brains of adult rats also were ACC-positive. While recognizing that some ACC must be present at lower levels in other types of cells and at all ages, it was concluded that the present findings are consistent with its primary locus as the oligodendrocytes, particularly during myelination. Further, enrichment of ACC and carbonic anhydrase in the same type of cell suggested that carbonic anhydrase might serve in providing a substrate, bicarbonate, to be utilized by ACC.
乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）催化脂肪酸生物合成的第一步，并且可能是限速步骤。由于少突胶质细胞在髓鞘形成过程中必须合成大量脂质，因此有人提出ACC可能定位于该类型细胞中。在12日龄大鼠大脑切片中，在白质和灰质的神经胶质细胞中观察到ACC免疫染色。这些细胞在其发育的成熟和未成熟阶段类似于碳酸酐酶阳性的少突胶质细胞。在15 - 17日龄大鼠前脑和脑干白质中，类似典型少突胶质细胞的细胞也呈ACC阳性。在21日龄大鼠的灰质和白质中均有强烈ACC阳性的细胞，这些细胞与少突胶质细胞非常相似。成年大鼠大脑中的少突胶质细胞也呈ACC阳性。虽然认识到在所有年龄段的其他类型细胞中一定存在较低水平的ACC，但得出的结论是，目前的研究结果与其主要定位于少突胶质细胞一致，特别是在髓鞘形成期间。此外，ACC和碳酸酐酶在同一类型细胞中的富集表明碳酸酐酶可能用于提供底物碳酸氢盐以供ACC利用。
