在小农户畜牧系统中，甘蔗渣作为奶牛唯一的粗饲料。
Sugarcane bagasse as exclusive roughage for dairy cows in smallholder livestock system.
作者信息
de Almeida Gleidiana Amélia Pontes, de Andrade Ferreira Marcelo, de Lima Silva Janaina, Chagas Juana Catarina Cariri, Véras Antônia Sherlânea Chaves, de Barros Leonardo José Assis, de Almeida Gledson Luiz Pontes
机构信息
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, CEP 52171-900, Brazil.
Multidisciplinary Barra Center, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barra, BA, CEP: 47100-000, Brazil.
出版信息
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2018 Mar;31(3):379-385. doi: 10.5713/ajas.17.0205. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to evaluate sugarcane bagasse as roughage in lactating cow on feed intake, digestibility, ingestive behavior, milk production and composition, and microbial protein synthesis.
METHODS
Ten Girolando cows at initial body weight of 450±25.6 kg and at 143.7±30.7 days in milk were assigned in two 5×5 Latin square designs. Five 21-day experimental periods were adopted (1° to 14-day: diets adaptation period; 15° to 21-day: data collection and sampling period). The diets consisted of four different levels of sugarcane bagasse (45%, 50%, 55%, and 60%) and a control diet, commonly adopted in the region, based on spineless cactus (25% sugarcane bagasse), formulated to meet 12 kg/d milk yield.
RESULTS
The dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and total digestible nutrients intakes and DM and OM digestibilities observed for 45% and 50% bagasse inclusion were similar to control diet, while that 55% and 60% bagasse inclusion were lower. Cows fed control diet, and bagasse diets of 45%, and 50% levels had the nutritional requirements attended, that guaranteed 12 kg/d of milk yield. The crude protein intake and digestibility of cows fed 45%, 50%, and 55% of bagasse inclusion were similar to control diet. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake and digestibility differ for all bagasse diets related to control diet, while the non-fiber carbohydrates intake and digestibility for cows fed 45% of bagasse were similar for control diet. The intakes and digestibilities of nutrients decreased linearly in function of bagasse inclusion; NDF and indigestible NDF intakes did not vary. The ruminating time, feeding and rumination efficiency, microbial protein synthesis and milk yield decreased linearly with sugarcane bagasse inclusion.
CONCLUSION
Sugarcane bagasse decreases milk production; however, its inclusion level in between 45% to 50% associated to concentrate could replace diets based on spineless cactus for crossbred dairy cow's producing 12 kg/d of milk.
目的
本研究旨在评估甘蔗渣作为泌乳奶牛粗饲料对其采食量、消化率、采食行为、产奶量及组成以及微生物蛋白合成的影响。
方法
选用10头吉罗兰多奶牛，初始体重450±25.6千克，泌乳期143.7±30.7天，采用两个5×5拉丁方设计。采用5个21天的试验期（第1至14天：日粮适应期；第15至21天：数据收集和采样期）。日粮由四种不同水平的甘蔗渣（45%、50%、55%和60%）以及一种该地区常用的基于无刺仙人掌的对照日粮（25%甘蔗渣）组成，日粮配方旨在满足日产奶量12千克的需求。
结果
甘蔗渣添加量为45%和50%时，干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）和总可消化养分摄入量以及DM和OM消化率与对照日粮相似，而添加量为55%和60%时则较低。饲喂对照日粮以及甘蔗渣添加量为45%和50%日粮的奶牛满足营养需求，保证了日产奶量12千克。饲喂甘蔗渣添加量为45%、50%和55%日粮的奶牛粗蛋白摄入量和消化率与对照日粮相似。所有甘蔗渣日粮的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）摄入量和消化率与对照日粮不同，而饲喂甘蔗渣添加量为45%日粮的奶牛非纤维碳水化合物摄入量和消化率与对照日粮相似。养分的摄入量和消化率随甘蔗渣添加量呈线性下降；NDF和不可消化NDF摄入量无变化。随着甘蔗渣添加，反刍时间、采食和反刍效率、微生物蛋白合成和产奶量呈线性下降。
结论
甘蔗渣会降低产奶量；然而，其添加量在45%至50%之间并与精料配合时，可替代基于无刺仙人掌的日粮，用于日产奶量12千克的杂交奶牛。
Zotero 插件