尼泊尔东部一地区监狱囚犯中的抑郁状况：一项横断面研究。
Depression among inmates in a regional prison of eastern Nepal: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Sunsari, Dharan, Nepal.
Department of Psychiatry, B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Sunsari, Dharan, Nepal.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Oct 23;17(1):348. doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1514-9.
BACKGROUND
Depression is the most common form of mental disorder among inmates, with a prevalence much higher than in the general population. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression among inmates and identify factors associated with it.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jhumka Regional Prison, the largest prison in eastern Nepal, from September 2014 to August 2015. A total of 434 randomly selected inmates were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire examining socio-demographic characteristics, detention status, self-reported health problems, substance use status, and suicidal ideation. Depression was screened using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied to determine the association between depression and related variables.
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 35.7 years (SD 13.3). The prevalence of depression among the inmates was 35.3%. Approximately 2.3% reported suicidal ideation during imprisonment and 0.9% had attempted suicide inside the prison. In bivariate analysis, depression was significantly associated with previous incarceration (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.05-3.47, p = 0.033), poor self-rated health (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.16-2.64, p = 0.007), frequent appointments when encountering health problems (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.06-2.61, p = 0.028), suicidal ideation (OR = 4.44, 95%CI = 1.13-17.44, p = 0.038) and loss of weight (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.00-2.23, p = 0.049). However, only previous incarceration (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.04-3.74, p = 0.037) and frequent appointments when encountering health problems (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01-2.57, p = 0.046) remained significant in a multivariate model.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed a high rate of depression among inmates in Nepal. The results suggest a need for psychiatric and rehabilitative care in correctional settings to improve the health status of the inmates.
背景
抑郁症是囚犯中最常见的精神障碍形式，其患病率远高于普通人群。本研究旨在估计囚犯中抑郁症的患病率，并确定与之相关的因素。
方法
本横断面研究于 2014 年 9 月至 2015 年 8 月在尼泊尔东部最大的监狱 Jhumka 地区监狱进行。共对 434 名随机选择的囚犯进行了访谈，使用半结构化问卷检查社会人口统计学特征、拘留状况、自我报告的健康问题、物质使用状况和自杀意念。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表筛查抑郁。应用卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析确定抑郁与相关变量之间的关联。
结果
参与者的平均年龄为 35.7 岁（SD 13.3）。囚犯中抑郁症的患病率为 35.3%。大约 2.3%的囚犯在监禁期间有自杀意念，0.9%的囚犯在监狱内自杀。在单因素分析中，抑郁与既往监禁（OR=1.91，95%CI=1.05-3.47，p=0.033）、自我报告健康状况差（OR=1.75，95%CI=1.16-2.64，p=0.007）、经常就医（OR=1.66，95%CI=1.06-2.61，p=0.028）、自杀意念（OR=4.44，95%CI=1.13-17.44，p=0.038）和体重减轻（OR=1.49，95%CI=1.00-2.23，p=0.049）显著相关。然而，只有既往监禁（AOR=1.97，95%CI=1.04-3.74，p=0.037）和经常就医（AOR=1.61，95%CI=1.01-2.57，p=0.046）在多因素模型中仍然具有统计学意义。
结论
本研究显示尼泊尔囚犯中抑郁症的患病率较高。结果表明，在惩教环境中需要提供精神科和康复护理，以改善囚犯的健康状况。
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