Gupta A, Kumar L
Departments of Medical Oncology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Postgrad Med. 2018 Apr-Jun;64(2):109-111. doi: 10.4103/jpgm.JPGM_727_16.
Cytogenetic anomalies involving the 3q26 chromosomal region are rare in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). There is no such description of these anomalies from the Indian sub-continent. A total of 174 AML patients were admitted to our hospital for therapy between January 2001 and January 2008. Cytogenetic studies could be done in 115 patients; which revealed three cases with 3q26 anomalies. All were males. In the first two cases, the anomaly was detected in all the metaphases. The common features seen were the presence of only mild thrombocytopenia (relatively high platelet counts when assessed against the background of AML with high blast percentages), monosomy 7, myeloperoxidase positive blasts, mild eosinophilia, and poor therapeutic response. In the third case, the chromosome 3 anomaly was present in only one metaphase. Such an anomaly has not been reported. Only the third patient responded to induction therapy but subsequently relapsed after being in complete remission for 15 months. 3q26 anomalies are associated with monosomy 7, relatively higher platelet counts at diagnosis as compared with other non-3q rearranged AML's and poor prognosis. The precise mechanisms underlying leukemogenesis need to be elucidated and better treatments devised since these patients respond poorly to therapy.
涉及3q26染色体区域的细胞遗传学异常在急性髓系白血病（AML）中较为罕见。印度次大陆尚无此类异常的相关描述。2001年1月至2008年1月期间，共有174例AML患者入院接受治疗。115例患者进行了细胞遗传学研究，其中发现3例存在3q26异常。所有患者均为男性。在前两例中，所有中期细胞均检测到异常。常见特征包括仅存在轻度血小板减少（与高原始细胞百分比的AML背景相比，血小板计数相对较高）、7号染色体单体、髓过氧化物酶阳性原始细胞、轻度嗜酸性粒细胞增多以及治疗反应不佳。在第三例中，3号染色体异常仅在一个中期细胞中出现。此类异常尚未见报道。仅第三例患者对诱导治疗有反应，但在完全缓解15个月后复发。3q26异常与7号染色体单体、诊断时与其他未发生3q重排的AML相比相对较高的血小板计数以及不良预后相关。由于这些患者对治疗反应不佳，白血病发生的确切机制需要阐明，并且需要设计出更好的治疗方法。
