Bjerklund Johansen T E, Larmo A
Department of Surgery, University of Oslo, Akershus Central Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway.
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1988;22(4):245-50. doi: 10.3109/00365598809180794.
The aim of this study was to evaluate ultrasound and clinical examination in the assessment of the exact position of an undescended testicle, and to see whether ultrasound could help discern retractile and truly undescended testicles. One hundred and twenty-three undescended testicles were examined. Of 113 detectable testicles 47 were assessed retractile and 66 truly undescended of which 60 were operated. Ultrasound had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 100% for testicles positioned distally to the internal ring. The results of clinical examination by a urologist was poor, especially for testicles located in the inguinal canal. Bilateral symptoms were most common in the retractile group. Retractile testicles dominated at the age group 6-8 years and were most commonly found in the intermediate and external ring positions. Truly undescended testicles preferred the inguinal canal and a subcutaneous everted position. Differences are statistically significant. A discrimination analysis between retractility and true maldescent was performed based on whether symptoms were uni- or bilateral, patient's age and the position of the testicle. The most dominant factor was whether symptoms were uni- or bilateral.
本研究的目的是评估超声检查和临床检查在确定隐睾确切位置方面的作用，并观察超声检查是否有助于鉴别回缩性睾丸和真正的隐睾。对123个隐睾进行了检查。在113个可检测到的睾丸中，47个被评估为回缩性睾丸，66个为真正的隐睾，其中60个接受了手术。对于位于内环远端的睾丸，超声检查的敏感性、特异性和准确性均为100%。泌尿外科医生的临床检查结果较差，尤其是对于位于腹股沟管内的睾丸。双侧症状在回缩性睾丸组中最为常见。回缩性睾丸在6 - 8岁年龄组中占主导地位，最常见于中间环和外环位置。真正的隐睾更倾向于腹股沟管和皮下外翻位置。差异具有统计学意义。基于症状是单侧还是双侧、患者年龄以及睾丸位置，对回缩性和真性睾丸下降不全进行了判别分析。最主要的因素是症状是单侧还是双侧。
