Bauducco S V, Tillfors M, Özdemir M, Flink I K, Linton S J
Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 Örebro, Sweden.
Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 Örebro, Sweden.
Sleep Health. 2015 Sep;1(3):205-210. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.07.007. Epub 2015 Aug 14.
Sleep has important consequences for a person's daytime functioning. Numerous studies have shown that insomnia predicts work absenteeism and work disability in adults, but only a few studies have examined this association in adolescents. This study aims to explore whether symptoms of insomnia in adolescents predict school absenteeism 1 year later, over and above known psychological risk factors for absenteeism.
The study used a longitudinal design with 2 measurement points over 1 year.
The students completed questionnaires during school hours at baseline and again at follow-up.
Students in the 10th to 12th grades in a Swedish upper secondary school were followed prospectively for 1 year (age, 16-20 years; N = 353; 48.1% girls).
We used logistic regression analyses, controlling for the known effects of psychological factors, and arrived at a model elucidating the role of insomnia. That is, besides symptoms of insomnia, the model included previous absenteeism, alcohol intoxication, school-related social phobia, social anxiety, depressive symptoms, somatic symptoms, and bully victimization. Symptoms of insomnia predicted school absenteeism 1 year later, over and above known risk factors for absenteeism. Adolescents reporting severe symptoms of insomnia were almost 3 times more likely than adolescents reporting no or low symptoms to report problematic absenteeism 1 year later. We did not find any gender difference.
Our findings underscore the importance of sleep problems on adolescents' daytime functioning as measured by school absenteeism. Therefore, sleep may be an important target for preventive interventions with adolescents.
睡眠对一个人的日间功能有重要影响。大量研究表明，失眠可预测成年人的工作缺勤和工作能力丧失，但仅有少数研究探讨了青少年中的这种关联。本研究旨在探讨青少年的失眠症状是否能在已知的缺勤心理风险因素之外，预测一年后的学校缺勤情况。
本研究采用纵向设计，在一年时间内设置了两个测量点。
学生在基线时和随访时于上课时间完成问卷调查。
对瑞典一所高中10至12年级的学生进行了为期一年的前瞻性跟踪研究（年龄16 - 20岁；N = 353；48.1%为女生）。
我们使用逻辑回归分析，控制心理因素的已知影响，得出了一个阐明失眠作用的模型。也就是说，除了失眠症状外，该模型还包括既往缺勤情况、酒精中毒、与学校相关的社交恐惧症、社交焦虑、抑郁症状、躯体症状以及受欺凌情况。失眠症状在已知的缺勤风险因素之外，还能预测一年后的学校缺勤情况。报告有严重失眠症状的青少年在一年后出现问题性缺勤的可能性几乎是报告无或低症状青少年的3倍。我们未发现任何性别差异。
我们的研究结果强调了睡眠问题对青少年以学校缺勤衡量的日间功能的重要性。因此，睡眠可能是针对青少年进行预防性干预的一个重要目标。
