Karamchandani Prakash, Seigneur Christian
a Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. , San Ramon , California , USA.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1999 Sep;49(9):175-181. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1999.10463885.
The rate of formation of secondary particulate matter (PM) in power plant plumes varies as the plume material mixes with the background air. Consequently, the rate of oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) to sulfate and nitric acid, respectively, can be very different in plumes and in the background air (i.e., air outside the plume). In addition, the formation of sulfate and nitric acid in a power plant plume is a strong function of the chemical composition of the background air and the prevailing meteorological conditions. We describe the use of a reactive plume model, the Reactive and Optics Model of Emissions, to simulate sulfate and nitrate formation in a power plant plume for a variety of background conditions. We show that SO and NO oxidation rates are maximum in the background air for volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited airsheds but are maximum at some downwind distance in the plume when the background air is nitrogen oxide (NO)-limited. Our analysis also shows that it is essential to obtain measurements of background concentrations of ozone, aldehydes, peroxyacetyl nitrate, and other VOCs to properly describe plume chemistry.
电厂烟羽中二次颗粒物（PM）的形成速率会随着烟羽物质与背景空气的混合而变化。因此，二氧化硫（SO）和二氧化氮（NO）分别氧化为硫酸盐和硝酸的速率在烟羽中和背景空气中（即烟羽外的空气）可能会有很大差异。此外，电厂烟羽中硫酸盐和硝酸的形成强烈依赖于背景空气的化学成分和当时的气象条件。我们描述了使用一种反应性烟羽模型——排放反应与光学模型，来模拟在各种背景条件下电厂烟羽中硫酸盐和硝酸盐的形成。我们表明，在挥发性有机化合物（VOC）受限的气团中，SO和NO的氧化速率在背景空气中最高，但当背景空气为氮氧化物（NO）受限时，在烟羽中向下风方向的某个距离处氧化速率最高。我们的分析还表明，要准确描述烟羽化学，获取臭氧、醛类、过氧乙酰硝酸酯和其他VOCs的背景浓度测量值至关重要。
