Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, V. Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, V. Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2018 Jul;50:118-122. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Oct 24.
Prolactinomas are the most frequent functioning pituitary adenomas, and sex differences in tumor size, behavior and incidence have been described. These differences have been associated with earlier diagnosis in woman, as well as with serum estradiol levels. Experimental models of prolactinomas in rodents also show a higher incidence in females, and recent findings suggest that gender differences in the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) system might be involved in the sex-specific development of prolactinomas in these models. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature supporting the important role of TGFβ1 as a local modulator of pituitary lactotroph function and to provide recent evidence for TGFβ1 involvement in the sex differences found in prolactinoma development in animal models.
催乳素瘤是最常见的功能性垂体腺瘤，已描述了肿瘤大小、行为和发生率方面的性别差异。这些差异与女性的早期诊断以及血清雌二醇水平有关。在啮齿动物的催乳素瘤实验模型中，女性的发病率也更高，最近的研究结果表明，转化生长因子β 1（TGFβ1）系统中的性别差异可能与这些模型中催乳素瘤的性别特异性发展有关。本综述的目的是总结支持 TGFβ1 作为垂体催乳素细胞功能的局部调节剂的重要作用的文献，并提供 TGFβ1 参与动物模型中催乳素瘤发展中发现的性别差异的最新证据。
