Thatcher Andrew, Waterson Patrick, Todd Andrew, Moray Neville
a Department of Psychology , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa.
b Design School , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.
Ergonomics. 2018 Feb;61(2):197-213. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1398845. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
In his 1993 IEA keynote address, Neville Moray urged the ergonomics discipline to face up to the global problems facing humanity and consider how ergonomics might help find some of the solutions. In this State of Science article we critically evaluate what the ergonomics discipline has achieved in the last two and a half decades to help create a secure future for humanity. Moray's challenges for ergonomics included deriving a value structure that moves us beyond a Westernised view of worker-organisation-technology fit, taking a multidisciplinary approach which engages with other social and biological sciences, considering the gross cross-cultural factors that determine how different societies function, paying more attention to mindful consumption, and embracing the complexity of our interconnected world. This article takes a socio-historical approach by considering the factors that influence what has been achieved since Moray's keynote address. We conclude with our own set of predictions for the future and priorities for addressing the challenges that we are likely to face. Practitioner Summary: We critically reflect on what has been achieved by the ergonomics profession in addressing the global challenges raised by Moray's 1993 keynote address to the International Ergonomics Association. Apart from healthcare, the response has largely been weak and disorganised. We make suggestions for priority research and practice that is required to facilitate a sustainable future for humanity.
内维尔·莫雷在1993年国际应用人类工程学学会的主题演讲中，敦促人类工程学学科直面人类面临的全球性问题，并思考人类工程学如何助力找到一些解决方案。在这篇《科学现状》文章中，我们批判性地评估了人类工程学学科在过去二十五年里为帮助人类创造安全未来所取得的成就。莫雷对人类工程学提出的挑战包括：得出一种价值结构，使我们超越对工人 - 组织 - 技术适配的西方化观点；采取多学科方法，与其他社会科学和生物科学相结合；考虑决定不同社会如何运转的总体跨文化因素；更加关注有意识的消费；以及接纳我们相互关联的世界的复杂性。本文采用社会历史方法，考虑自莫雷主题演讲以来影响所取得成就的因素。我们以自己对未来的一系列预测以及应对可能面临挑战的优先事项作为结论。从业者总结：我们批判性地反思了人类工程学专业在应对莫雷1993年给国际人类工程学协会主题演讲中提出的全球挑战方面所取得的成就。除了医疗保健领域，其他方面的应对在很大程度上一直很薄弱且缺乏组织。我们针对优先研究和实践提出了建议，以促进人类的可持续未来。
