Department of Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Spain.
Waste Manag Res. 2018 Jan;36(1):30-38. doi: 10.1177/0734242X17733539. Epub 2017 Oct 27.
There are several factors which have an influence in the selective collection of the municipal waste. To define a selective collection system, the waste generation pattern should be firstly determined and these factors should be analyzed in depth. This paper tries to analyze the economic income level and the seasonal variation on the collection and the purity of light-packaging waste to determine actions to improve the waste management plan of a town. In the first stage of the work, waste samples of the light-packaging containers were collected in two zones of the town with different economic characteristics in different seasons during one year. In the second stage, the samples were characterized to analyze the composition and purity of the waste. They were firstly separated into four fractions: metals; plastic; beverage cartons; and misplaced materials. The misplaced fraction was in its turn separated into cardboard, rubber and leather, inert waste, organic matter, paper, hazardous waste, clothes and shoes, glass and others. The plastic fraction was separated into five types of plastics and the metal fraction into three. In the third stage, the data have been analyzed and conclusions have been extracted. The main result is that the quality of the light-packaging fraction collected in these zones during both seasons were similar. This methodology can be extrapolated to towns with similar characteristics. It will be useful when implementing a system to collect the waste selectively and to develop actions to achieve a good participation in the selective collection of the waste.
有几个因素对城市垃圾的选择性收集有影响。为了定义一个选择性收集系统，首先应该确定废物产生模式，并深入分析这些因素。本文试图分析收集和轻包装废物纯度的经济收入水平和季节性变化，以确定改进城镇废物管理计划的措施。在工作的第一阶段，在一年中的不同季节，在具有不同经济特征的城镇的两个区域中收集了轻包装容器的废物样本。在第二阶段，对样品进行了特征分析，以分析废物的组成和纯度。它们首先被分成四个部分：金属；塑料；饮料纸盒；和错位材料。错位部分又被分成纸板、橡胶和皮革、惰性废物、有机物、纸张、危险废物、衣服和鞋子、玻璃和其他。塑料部分被分成五种塑料，金属部分被分成三种。在第三阶段，对数据进行了分析并得出了结论。主要结果是，在这两个季节收集的这些区域的轻包装部分的质量相似。这种方法可以推广到具有类似特征的城镇。当实施选择性收集废物的系统并采取行动以实现废物选择性收集的良好参与时，它将非常有用。
