Zatezalo V, Šimec N J Gredelj
Acta Med Croatica. 2015 Sep;69(3):153-9.
Febrile neutropenia is a common and potentially fatal complication of intense cytotoxic therapy, which makes it the main cause of non-relapse mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies. Some of the patients are at risk of specific infections due to underlying disease of previous treatment regimens. Considering that most febrile neutropenic patients can be diagnosed with sepsis, diagnosis and treatment should be treated as septic. It is important to recognize patients at high risk since the incidence of sepsis in neutropenic patients can be significantly reduced using antimicrobial prophylaxis and granulocyte growth factors. Once sepsis occurs, prompt treatment according to guidelines, individualized based on the specific problems of each patient, and microbiological situation can significantly reduce mortality and morbidity.
发热性中性粒细胞减少是强化细胞毒性治疗常见且可能致命的并发症，这使其成为血液系统恶性肿瘤患者非复发死亡的主要原因。部分患者因基础疾病或既往治疗方案而有发生特定感染的风险。鉴于大多数发热性中性粒细胞减少患者可诊断为脓毒症，诊断和治疗应按脓毒症处理。识别高危患者很重要，因为使用抗菌药物预防和粒细胞生长因子可显著降低中性粒细胞减少患者的脓毒症发生率。一旦发生脓毒症，根据指南进行及时治疗，基于每个患者的具体问题和微生物情况进行个体化治疗，可显著降低死亡率和发病率。
