College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
School of Municipal and Environment Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Mar 15;618:777-784. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.174. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in atmospheric and soil was serious, which is mainly due to high level of emission of PAHs in China resulted from the predominating use of coal in energy consumption and continuous development of economy and society for years. However, the status of PAHs in winter wheat grains from the areas influenced by coal combustion in China was still not clear. During harvest season, the winter wheat grains were collected from agricultural fields surrounding coal-fired power plants located in Shaanxi and Henan Provinces. This study found that the mean concentrations of 15 priority PAHs ranged from 69.58 to 557.0μgkg. Three-ring PAHs (acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, phenanthrene and anthracene) were dominant in the grains, accounting for approximately 70-81% of the total PAHs. The bioaccessibility of low molecular weight (LMW, 2-3 ring) PAHs (51.1-52.8%), high molecular weight (HMW, 4-6 ring) PAHs (19.8-27.6%) and total PAHs (40.9-48.0%) in the intestinal condition was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that (37.4-38.6%; 15.6-22.5%; 30.7-35.5%) in the gastric condition, respectively. Based on total PAHs, the values of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for children, adolescents, adults and seniors were all higher than the baseline value (10) and some even fell in the range of 10-10, which indicated that most grains from the areas affected by coal combustion possessed considerable cancer risk. The present study also indicated that the children were the age group most sensitive to PAHs contamination. The pilot research provided relevant information for the regulation of PAHs in the winter wheat grains and for the safety of the agro-products growing in the PAHs-contaminated areas.
多环芳烃（PAHs）在大气和土壤中的污染很严重，这主要是由于中国能源消费中煤炭的大量使用以及多年来经济和社会的持续发展，导致 PAHs 的排放量很高。然而，受中国燃煤影响地区的冬小麦籽粒中 PAHs 的状况尚不清楚。在收获季节，从陕西省和河南省的燃煤电厂周围的农田中采集了冬小麦籽粒。本研究发现，15 种优先 PAHs 的平均浓度范围为 69.58 至 557.0μgkg。三环 PAHs（苊、苊烯、芴、菲和蒽）在谷物中占优势，约占总 PAHs 的 70-81%。在肠道条件下，低分子量（LMW，2-3 环）PAHs（51.1-52.8%）、高分子量（HMW，4-6 环）PAHs（19.8-27.6%）和总 PAHs（40.9-48.0%）的生物可利用性明显（p<0.001）高于胃条件下的生物可利用性（37.4-38.6%；15.6-22.5%；30.7-35.5%）。基于总 PAHs，儿童、青少年、成人和老年人的增量终生癌症风险（ILCR）值均高于基线值（10），有些甚至处于 10-10 范围内，这表明受燃煤影响地区的大部分谷物都具有相当大的致癌风险。本研究还表明，儿童是对 PAHs 污染最敏感的年龄组。该初步研究为受 PAHs 污染地区的冬小麦籽粒中 PAHs 的监管以及受 PAHs 污染地区农产品的安全提供了相关信息。
