Suzuki T
Department of Applied Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
Yakubutsu Seishin Kodo. 1988 Sep;8(3):367-80.
Great strides have been made in recent years in researchers' knowledge and understanding of genetic factors contributing to drug dependence. In this paper, pharmacogenetic studies on drug dependence are reviewed. The strain which has been maintained by inbreeding for 20 or more generations may be regarded as being genetically uniform. Significant differences between inbred strains on a particular response represent presumptive evidence of genetic determination of that response. Selective breeding is another genetic approach and refers to the systematic intermating of selected individuals for the purpose of changing the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of a population. This usually takes the form of changing the population mean in two opposite directions, such as AA and ANA, LS and SS, etc. Using inbred animal strains and selective lines, a variety of evidence indicates that acute effects of, tolerance to, and dependence on abusable drugs are controlled by genetic factors. Many investigations have compared the effects of abusable drugs with various biochemical traits. The use of certain genetically defined animal models can be very helpful in studies of drugs of abuse. The choice of model will be influenced by the aims of the study.
近年来，研究人员在了解导致药物依赖的遗传因素方面取得了长足进展。本文对药物依赖的药物遗传学研究进行了综述。通过近亲繁殖维持了20代或更多代的品系可被视为基因同质。近交系在特定反应上的显著差异代表了该反应由基因决定的推测性证据。选择性育种是另一种遗传方法，是指为改变种群的遗传和表型特征而对选定个体进行系统的杂交。这通常采取在两个相反方向改变种群均值的形式，如AA和ANA、LS和SS等。使用近交动物品系和选择品系，各种证据表明，可滥用药物的急性效应、耐受性和依赖性受遗传因素控制。许多研究比较了可滥用药物与各种生化特征的影响。使用某些基因定义的动物模型对滥用药物的研究非常有帮助。模型的选择将受研究目的的影响。
