Klein A, Krebs O, Gehl A, Morgner J, Reeger L, Augustin C, Edler C
Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, D-22529, Hamburg, Germany.
Technical College of Applied Sciences, Police Academy Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Int J Legal Med. 2018 Jul;132(4):1025-1033. doi: 10.1007/s00414-017-1712-5. Epub 2017 Oct 28.
The analysis of blood traces is often of significant reconstructive and evidence-gathering importance. Perpetrators deliberately set fires to destroy evidence. There is little literature regarding the effect of fire and extreme heat on blood and the detection of blood. Blood and DNA are believed to be no longer traceable after exposure to a temperature of 1000 °C. This study exposed different objects of a standardized procedure to temperatures of 300, 700, and 1000 °C. It documented the influence of heat on blood traces through the use of luminol. DNA analysis confirmed that fewer DNA profiles can be created with increasing temperature. However, even after exposure up to a max. of 1000 °C, it was still possible to produce a complete DNA pattern from approx. 60% of the samples. Consequently, crime scenes that have been destroyed by fire should be evaluated with the same attention to detail as the unburned areas.
血迹分析在重建犯罪过程和收集证据方面往往具有重要意义。犯罪者故意纵火以销毁证据。关于火灾和极端高温对血液及血液检测的影响，相关文献较少。一般认为，血液和DNA在暴露于1000°C的温度后就无法再追踪到。本研究将标准化程序中的不同物体暴露于300°C、700°C和1000°C的温度下。通过使用鲁米诺记录了高温对血迹的影响。DNA分析证实，随着温度升高，能够生成的DNA图谱数量减少。然而，即使在最高暴露于1000°C之后，仍有可能从约60%的样本中产生完整的DNA图谱。因此，对于被火灾破坏的犯罪现场，应给予与未燃烧区域相同的细致评估。
