Isaacowitz Derek M, Ossenfort Kathryn L
Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115.
Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2017 Jun;15:6-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.05.004. Epub 2017 May 18.
Studies of age differences in affective experience tend to report positive age trends. Studies of attentional deployment also tend to find older individuals attending more to positive and less to negative stimuli. However, everyday entertainment choices seem to vary by age more in terms of meaningfulness and value than by valence. Relatively few age differences emerge in the valence of choices made in situation selection tasks, though older adults avoid arousal. Thus, both younger and older adults actively construct mixed emotional environments.
对情感体验年龄差异的研究往往报告出积极的年龄趋势。注意力分配的研究也往往发现,老年人更多地关注积极刺激,而较少关注消极刺激。然而,日常娱乐选择在意义和价值方面的年龄差异似乎比在效价方面的差异更大。在情境选择任务中做出的选择效价方面,年龄差异相对较少出现,不过老年人会避免刺激。因此,年轻人和老年人都会积极构建混合情感环境。