Azimi-Yancheshmeh Rokhsareh, Riyahi-Bakhtiari Alireza, Savabieasfahani Mozhgan
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Oct 29;189(11):589. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6294-7.
To determine the extent of oil contamination and biodegradation in Anzali Wetland of Iran, we examined aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface sediment of this area (n=20). Petroleum hydrocarbon levels (mean 1585 ± 1117; range 316 to 4358 μg g- dry weight) were similar in value to reports from other highly contaminated areas, such as New York Bight, Saudi and Kuwaiti coasts of the Persian Gulf, and Dubai shorelines. Even carbon homologs dominated distribution of n-alkanes in surface sediment of Anzali, which is rarely reported elsewhere. Multiple factors used in our study point to petrogenic source for n-alkanes in Anzali Wetland. Anzali receives multiple industrial and agricultural runoffs from the surrounding area. Shipping industry and oil industry are responsible for a major portion of pollutants entering Anzali. Municipal wastewater discharges are another source of Anzali pollution. To determine why even carbon number n-alkanes predominate in Anzali, we examined the following indices: existence of unresolved complex mixtures (UCM), ratio of UCM to resolved alkanes (RA), ratio of low-molecular weight to high-molecular weight molecules, presence of degraded oil residue, high-relative biodegradation, and the degree of hydrocarbon weathering in the surface sediment of the area. Our findings corroborate with such predominance.
为了确定伊朗安扎利湿地的石油污染程度和生物降解情况，我们检测了该地区表层沉积物中的脂肪烃（n = 20）。石油烃含量（平均1585±1117；范围为316至4358μg g-干重）与其他高污染地区的报告值相似，如纽约湾、波斯湾的沙特和科威特海岸以及迪拜海岸线。在安扎利表层沉积物中，偶数碳同系物主导着正构烷烃的分布，这在其他地方鲜有报道。我们研究中使用的多个因素表明，安扎利湿地中正构烷烃的来源是成岩成因。安扎利接收来自周边地区的多种工农业径流。航运业和石油工业是进入安扎利的大部分污染物的来源。城市污水排放是安扎利污染的另一个来源。为了确定为什么偶数碳正构烷烃在安扎利占主导地位，我们检测了以下指标：未分辨复杂混合物（UCM）的存在、UCM与已分辨烷烃的比例（RA）、低分子量与高分子量分子的比例、降解油残渣的存在、高相对生物降解以及该地区表层沉积物中的烃类风化程度。我们的研究结果证实了这种主导地位。
