Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2018 Apr;55(4). doi: 10.1111/psyp.13021. Epub 2017 Oct 30.
The present study used a P300-based Concealed Information Test (CIT) to detect individual and collaborative crimes and to explore whether or not the P300 index is effective in identifying collaborative crime members. Participants were divided into two groups to either steal a ring alone (individual group) or collaboratively with another companion participant (collaborative group) before taking the Complex Trial Protocol test that is regarded as an accurate version of the P300-based CIT. The ERP results revealed that both groups showed significantly larger P300s to probe (the ring) than to all irrelevant stimuli (other jewelery), but the P300 amplitude difference of probe stimulus versus irrelevant stimuli in the collaborative group was significantly less than that in the individual group. For the individual diagnosis, using P300 index, the detection rate was significantly inferior for collaborative crime than individual crime, probably related to weakness of collaborative encoding. The ROC curve comparisons showed the individual guilty was effectively discriminated from the simulated-innocent (AUC = .84) and from the collaborative guilty (AUC = .83), but the collaborative guilty was not discriminable from the simulated-innocent (AUC = .66). These findings suggest that collaborative encoding of crime-related information impacts the efficiency of the P300 index, and that the P300-based CIT is not applicable when used to identify collaborative crime perpetrators.
本研究使用基于 P300 的隐藏信息测试（CIT）来检测个体犯罪和合作犯罪，并探讨 P300 指数是否能有效地识别合作犯罪成员。参与者被分为两组，一组单独（个体组）或与另一名同伴参与者合作（合作组）偷取一枚戒指，然后进行复杂试验协议测试，该测试被视为基于 P300 的 CIT 的准确版本。ERP 结果显示，两组对探测刺激（戒指）的 P300 均明显大于对所有无关刺激（其他珠宝）的 P300，但合作组中探测刺激与无关刺激的 P300 振幅差异明显小于个体组。对于个体诊断，使用 P300 指数，合作犯罪的检测率明显低于个体犯罪，可能与合作编码的弱点有关。ROC 曲线比较表明，个体罪犯能够有效地与模拟无辜者（AUC=0.84）和合作罪犯（AUC=0.83）区分开来，但合作罪犯与模拟无辜者无法区分（AUC=0.66）。这些发现表明，犯罪相关信息的合作编码会影响 P300 指数的效率，并且基于 P300 的 CIT 不适用于识别合作犯罪的犯罪者。
