Babatunde Kehinde Adebayo, Najafi Ali, Salehipour Pouya, Modarressi Mohammad Hossein, Mobasheri Maryam Beigom
Clinical Anatomy/Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2017 Sep;20(9):967-974. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9259.
Cancer testis antigens (CTAs), a large family of tumor-associated and immunogenic antigens expressed in human tumors of various histological origins, are highly restricted to the testis and trophoblast. CTAs have been identified as potent targets for tumor-specific immunotherapeutic advances and have immensely lead to the development of different clinical trials of CTA-based vaccine therapy because of their resilient immunogenicity and tumor-restricted expression pattern. Bladder cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma, and melanoma are grouped as high CT gene expressors. Prostate and breast cancer as moderate, and colon and renal cancers are considered as low CT gene expressors. Large percentages of these identified CT genes are expressed during spermatogenesis but their function is still vaguely unknown. Researchers have taken a keen interest in CT genes as pertaining to their role in tumor growth and spermatogenesis. Testis has many similarities with cancerous tissues like cell division, immigration, and immortalization. The aim is to give a concise in-depth review on the role of some specific CT genes in spermatogenesis.
癌胚抗原（CTAs）是一大类与肿瘤相关的免疫原性抗原，在各种组织学来源的人类肿瘤中表达，高度局限于睾丸和滋养层。由于其强大的免疫原性和肿瘤限制性表达模式，CTAs已被确定为肿瘤特异性免疫治疗进展的有效靶点，并极大地推动了基于CTA的疫苗治疗的不同临床试验的发展。膀胱癌、非小细胞肺癌和黑色素瘤被归类为高CT基因表达者。前列腺癌和乳腺癌为中度，结肠癌和肾癌被认为是低CT基因表达者。这些已鉴定的CT基因中有很大比例在精子发生过程中表达，但其功能仍不清楚。研究人员对CT基因在肿瘤生长和精子发生中的作用产生了浓厚兴趣。睾丸与癌组织有许多相似之处，如细胞分裂、迁移和永生化。目的是对一些特定CT基因在精子发生中的作用进行简要而深入的综述。
