Immunohistochemical markers informing the diagnosis of sebaceous carcinoma and its distinction from its mimics: Adipophilin and factor XIIIa to the rescue?

Sebaceous carcinoma typically presents a diagnostic challenge because it mimics other more common, locally invasive carcinomas, including squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma-particularly when one of these tumors exhibits concomitant clear-cell changes. Immunohistochemical studies offering high sensitivity and specificity are critical for accurate diagnosis.