Takahashi Risa, Wilunda Calistus, Magutah Karani, Mwaura-Tenambergen Wanja, Atwoli Lukoye, Perngparn Usaneya
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Care, Tenri Health Care University, 80-1 Bessho-cho, Tenri City, Nara 632-0018, Japan.
College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chulalongkorn 62, Phyathai Rd., Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2018 Jan 1;53(1):121-128. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agx083.
To assess the effectiveness of community-based alcohol brief interventions (ABI) implemented by community-health workers with and without motivational talks (MT) by former drinkers, in reducing harmful and hazardous alcohol consumption.
We conducted a three-arm quasi-experimental study (one control and two intervention groups) between May and December 2015 in Kakamega County, Kenya. Participants were hazardous or harmful alcohol drinkers with an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score of 8-19 at baseline. One intervention group received only ABI while the other received ABI + MT. The interventions' effects on AUDIT scores were analysed using linear mixed models. Logistic regression was used to analyse the interventions' effects on low-risk drinking (AUDIT score <8) after 6 months.
The study included 161 participants: 52 in the control group, 52 in the only ABI group and 57 in the ABI + MT group. The mean AUDIT scores were lower in the intervention groups at 1, 3 and 6 months post-intervention; the ABI + MT group showed a greater reduction. The mean AUDIT scores over a 6-month period were lower in both intervention groups compared with the control group. The odds of low-risk drinking were almost two times higher in both intervention groups than in the control group, although the effect of only ABI on low-risk drinking was not significant.
ABI + MT and only ABI were associated with a reduced mean AUDIT score among hazardous and high-risk drinkers in this resource-limited setting. ABI + MT was also associated with low-risk drinking in this population.
Community-based alcohol brief interventions implemented by community-health workers accompanied by motivational talks by former drinkers were associated with reduced hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in a rural setting in western Kenya.
评估由社区卫生工作者实施的、有或没有戒酒者激励谈话（MT）的社区酒精简短干预（ABI）在减少有害和危险酒精消费方面的效果。
2015年5月至12月，我们在肯尼亚卡卡梅加县进行了一项三臂准实验研究（一个对照组和两个干预组）。参与者为基线时酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）得分在8 - 19之间的有害或危险饮酒者。一个干预组仅接受ABI，另一个接受ABI + MT。使用线性混合模型分析干预对AUDIT得分的影响。采用逻辑回归分析干预在6个月后对低风险饮酒（AUDIT得分<8）的影响。
该研究纳入了161名参与者：对照组52人，仅接受ABI组52人，ABI + MT组57人。干预后1个月、3个月和6个月时，干预组的平均AUDIT得分较低；ABI + MT组的降幅更大。与对照组相比，两个干预组在6个月期间的平均AUDIT得分均较低。两个干预组低风险饮酒的几率几乎是对照组的两倍，尽管仅ABI对低风险饮酒的影响不显著。
在这种资源有限的环境中，ABI + MT和仅ABI与有害和高风险饮酒者的平均AUDIT得分降低有关。ABI + MT也与该人群的低风险饮酒有关。
由社区卫生工作者实施的社区酒精简短干预，并伴有戒酒者的激励谈话，与肯尼亚西部农村地区有害和危险酒精消费的减少有关。
