Curtis J L, Crummey F C, Baker S N, Foster R E, Khanyile C S, Wilkins R
Department of Psychiatry and Substance Abuse Services, Harlem Hospital Center, New York, NY 10037.
JAMA. 1989 Jan 13;261(2):258-62.
At least one third of patients enrolled in a methadone maintenance treatment program are willing to comply voluntarily with screening for and counseling about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A questionnaire about knowledge, attitudes, and behavior concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was answered anonymously by 79% (46) of the clinical staff and 67% (868) of the enrolled patients. On their own initiative, 21% of the patients had already received voluntary anonymous HIV screening and brief counseling, seldom discussing the result with the staff. Approximately 90% of the staff and a majority of the patients (72%) thought a voluntary HIV screening program should be offered to all patients. Almost all staff (98%), but only 50% of the patients, felt the HIV test results should be known to physicians, nurses, and counselors at the clinic. Few staff members (15%) believed that patients had changed their sex behavior; more (48%) felt that needle sharing was reduced. Patients believed methadone patients in general had changed their sex behavior (49.2%) and reduced needle sharing (62%) to prevent becoming infected. Patients reported statistically significant reductions both in number of sex partners and in personal needle sharing during the past year.
参与美沙酮维持治疗项目的患者中，至少三分之一愿意自愿接受人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）筛查及相关咨询。一份关于获得性免疫缺陷综合征的知识、态度和行为的问卷由79%（46名）临床工作人员和67%（868名）参与项目的患者匿名作答。主动地，21%的患者已经接受了自愿匿名HIV筛查及简短咨询，很少与工作人员讨论结果。约90%的工作人员和大多数患者（72%）认为应向所有患者提供自愿HIV筛查项目。几乎所有工作人员（98%），但只有50%的患者认为诊所的医生、护士和咨询师应该知晓HIV检测结果。很少有工作人员（15%）认为患者改变了性行为；更多人（48%）觉得共用针头的情况减少了。患者认为美沙酮治疗患者总体上改变了性行为（49.2%）并减少了共用针头（62%）以预防感染。患者报告在过去一年中性伴侣数量和个人共用针头情况在统计学上均有显著减少。
