Picosecond pulse compression by modulation of intensity envelope in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber.

A method of temporally compressing picosecond pulses is proposed. To increase the spectral broadening, two picosecond pulses at different central wavelengths are overlapped spatiotemporally to induce a modulation on the intensity envelope, thus leading to a high temporal intensity gradient. The combined pulse is then coupled into a gas-filled hollow-core fiber (HCF) to broaden the spectrum through nonlinear propagation. After that the pulse can be compressed by chirp compensation. This method is demonstrated numerically with two 1-ps/5-mJ pulses centered at 1053- and 1064-nm, respectively, which are coupled into a 250-μm-inner-diameter, 1-m-long HCF filled with 5-bar neon. After nonlinear propagation, the spectrum of the combined pulse is broadened significantly compared with the sum of the broadened spectra of a single 1-ps/10-mJ pulse centered at 1053- and 1064-nm. Under proper initial conditions, the pulse can be compressed down to ~16-fs. The influences of the energy ratio, time delay and wavelength gap between two input pulses, as well as the energy scaling are also discussed. These results show an alternative way to obtain ultrashort laser pulses from the picosecond laser technology, which can deliver both high peak power and high average power, and thus will benefit relevant researches in high-field laser physics.