Janssen E, Spilka S, Beck F
Observatoire français des drogues et toxicomanies (OFDT), 3, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 La-Plaine-Saint-Denis cedex, France.
Observatoire français des drogues et toxicomanies (OFDT), 3, avenue du Stade-de-France, 93218 La-Plaine-Saint-Denis cedex, France.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2017 Nov;65(6):409-417. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
The aim of this study was to describe potential associations between suicidal behaviors and psychoactive substance uses among adolescents.
A cross-sectional, national survey representative of adolescents aged 17, living in continental France, was conducted in 2014. A total of 22,023 adolescents answered an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire about their health and their use of psychoactive substances. Suicidal risk was assessed by means of a 4-level indicator [1. No depression, as stipulated by the Adolescent Depression Rating Scale (ADRS); 2. Depression, no suicidal ideation, no suicidal attempts; 3. Depression with suicidal ideation; 4. Depression with suicidal attempts]. Multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to identify the factors significantly related to frequent substance uses.
Three percent of adolescents (1.8% of boys vs. 3.7% of girls) were labeled as suffering from severe depression, 10% stated they had suicidal thoughts during the last year and 3% attempted to commit suicide at least once in their lifetime. The results support the view of a gradient between suicidal risk severity and regular use of tobacco and cannabis. The association with regular alcohol use appears somewhat weaker.
Suicidal behaviors and regular substance uses are significantly related but also mediated by adolescents' mental health.
本研究旨在描述青少年自杀行为与精神活性物质使用之间的潜在关联。
2014年对居住在法国大陆的17岁青少年进行了一项具有全国代表性的横断面调查。共有22023名青少年回答了一份关于他们的健康状况和精神活性物质使用情况的匿名自填问卷。自杀风险通过一个四级指标进行评估[1. 无抑郁，如青少年抑郁评定量表（ADRS）所规定；2. 抑郁，无自杀意念，无自杀未遂；3. 伴有自杀意念的抑郁；4. 伴有自杀未遂的抑郁]。进行多因素逻辑回归以确定与频繁使用物质显著相关的因素。
3%的青少年（男孩为1.8%，女孩为3.7%）被标记为患有重度抑郁，10%的青少年表示在过去一年中有自杀念头，3%的青少年一生中至少有一次自杀未遂。结果支持了自杀风险严重程度与经常使用烟草和大麻之间存在梯度关系的观点。与经常饮酒的关联似乎稍弱。
自杀行为与经常使用物质显著相关，但也受到青少年心理健康的介导。
