Trapping Cancers as They Adapt to Survive.

The evolution of cancer cells limits the efficacy of nearly all treatments for patients with solid tumors. Characterizing how cancers adapt to treatment could therefore lead to approaches that overcome resistance to therapy. In this issue of , Song and colleagues describe the evolution of melanomas upon exposure to BRAF inhibitors, demonstrating that adaptive changes in the tumor create a vulnerability that can be targeted with immune checkpoint inhibitors. .