Pantawane P B, Dhanze H, Verma M R, Singh G, Kapdi A, Chauhan J, Bhilegaonkar K N
Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2017 Jul-Sep;54(3):270-276. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.217619.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the most common causes of acute encephalitis syndrome in many states of India. Uttar Pradesh state is well known for JE endemicity, contributing 75% of total cases during recent past. Several sporadic cases have been reported from Bareilly region of the state. The disease spread by bite of Culex mosquito. Survey of literature revealed no data on mosquito fauna with reference to JE in this region. Therefore, this study was planned to survey seasonal mosquito population and occurrence of JE vectors in Bareilly region.
Mosquitoes were sampled on monthly basis from organized pig farm from February 2016 to January 2017 and identified using mosquito identification keys. The meteorological parameters of the area were obtained monthly and standard statistical methods were used to assess the relationship between different weather variables and mosquito population.
A total of 4337 mosquitoes belonging to five genera were collected. Mosquitoes of genus Culex were predominant and contributed 84.41% to the total catch. The most dominant species was Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (30.81%), followed by Cx. quinquefasciatus (28.50%), Cx. gelidus (17.24%), Cx. pseudovishnui (11.85%), Cx. vishnui (8.11%), Cx. fuscocephala (2.70%), Cx. infula (0.76%) and Cx. bitaeniorhynchus (0.03%). Pronounced seasonal variation was observed with majority of mosquitoes showing high density in monsoon and post-monsoon period.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The present study provides knowledge on distribution of JE vector in Bareilly which indicates that the area is at risk of JE outbreak. Abundance of Culex vector clearly demarcates possible threat of JE incidence in the study area. A long-term entomological study is needed to further evaluate the significant role of different weather variables in shaping mosquito densities.
日本脑炎（JE）是印度许多邦急性脑炎综合征最常见的病因之一。北方邦以日本脑炎流行而闻名，在过去几年中占总病例数的75%。该邦巴雷利地区已报告多例散发病例。该病通过库蚊叮咬传播。文献调查显示，该地区尚无关于与日本脑炎相关的蚊虫种类的数据。因此，本研究旨在调查巴雷利地区的季节性蚊虫种群及日本脑炎传播媒介的出现情况。
于2016年2月至2017年1月每月从有组织的养猪场采集蚊虫样本，并使用蚊虫鉴定手册进行鉴定。每月获取该地区的气象参数，并采用标准统计方法评估不同天气变量与蚊虫种群之间的关系。
共采集到属于五个属的4337只蚊虫。库蚊属蚊虫占主导地位，占总捕获量的84.41%。最主要的种类是三带喙库蚊（30.81%），其次是致倦库蚊（28.50%）、白纹库蚊（17.24%）、伪杂鳞库蚊（11.85%）、杂鳞库蚊（8.11%）、棕头库蚊（2.70%）、带足库蚊（0.76%）和双带喙库蚊（0.03%）。观察到明显的季节性变化，大多数蚊虫在季风期和季风后期密度较高。
本研究提供了巴雷利地区日本脑炎传播媒介分布的相关知识，表明该地区存在日本脑炎暴发的风险。库蚊传播媒介的大量存在明确界定了研究区域日本脑炎发病的潜在威胁。需要进行长期的昆虫学研究，以进一步评估不同天气变量在形成蚊虫密度方面的重要作用。
