Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
Genomic Research Center, Gene by Gene, Houston, 77008, Texas, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 2;7(1):14969. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7.
Approximately 300,000 men around the globe self-identify as Ashkenazi Levites, of whom two thirds were previously shown to descend from a single male. The paucity of whole Y-chromosome sequences precluded conclusive identification of this ancestor's age, geographic origin and migration patterns. Here, we report the variation of 486 Y-chromosomes within the Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi Levite R1a clade, other Ashkenazi Jewish paternal lineages, as well as non-Levite Jewish and non-Jewish R1a samples. Cumulatively, the emerging profile is of a Middle Eastern ancestor, self-affiliating as Levite, and carrying the highly resolved R1a-Y2619 lineage, which was likely a minor haplogroup among the Hebrews. A star-like phylogeny, coalescing similarly to other Ashkenazi paternal lineages, ~1,743 ybp, suggests it to be one of the Ashkenazi paternal founders; to have expanded as part of the overall Ashkenazi demographic expansion, without special relation to the Levite affiliation; and to have subsequently spread to non-Ashkenazi Levites.
全球约有 30 万男性自称为阿什肯纳兹利未人，其中三分之二的人此前被证明来自于同一个男性。由于缺乏完整的 Y 染色体序列，无法确定这位祖先的年龄、地理起源和迁徙模式。在这里，我们报告了阿什肯纳兹和非阿什肯纳兹利未人 R1a 支系、其他阿什肯纳兹犹太父系以及非利未人和非犹太 R1a 样本中的 486 个 Y 染色体变异。总的来说，这是一个中东祖先的形象，自称为利未人，并携带高度解析的 R1a-Y2619 谱系，这在希伯来人中可能是一个较小的单倍群。一个类似星状的系统发生树，与其他阿什肯纳兹父系一样在约 1743 年前汇聚，表明它是阿什肯纳兹父系的奠基人之一；它随着阿什肯纳兹人口的整体扩张而扩张，与利未人身份没有特殊关系；随后传播到非阿什肯纳兹利未人。
