Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 2;18(11):2312. doi: 10.3390/ijms18112312.
Altered neurogenesis is suggested to be involved in the onset of brain diseases, including mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotrophic factors are well known for their positive effects on the proliferation/differentiation of both embryonic and adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs). Especially, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been extensively investigated because of its roles in the differentiation/maturation of NSCs/NPCs. On the other hand, recent evidence indicates a negative impact of the stress hormone glucocorticoids (GCs) on the cell fate of NSCs/NPCs, which is also related to the pathophysiology of brain diseases, such as depression and autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, studies including ours have demonstrated functional interactions between neurotrophic factors and GCs in neural events, including neurogenesis. In this review, we show and discuss relationships among the behaviors of NSCs/NPCs, BDNF, and GCs.
神经发生的改变被认为与包括精神障碍和神经退行性疾病在内的脑部疾病的发生有关。神经营养因子因其对胚胎和成年神经干细胞/祖细胞（NSCs/NPCs）的增殖/分化的积极影响而广为人知。特别是，脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）因其在 NSCs/NPCs 的分化/成熟中的作用而受到广泛研究。另一方面，最近的证据表明应激激素糖皮质激素（GCs）对 NSCs/NPCs 的细胞命运有负面影响，这也与脑部疾病的病理生理学有关，如抑郁症和自闭症谱系障碍。此外，包括我们在内的研究已经证明了神经营养因子和 GCs 在神经发生等神经事件中的功能相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们展示和讨论了 NSCs/NPCs、BDNF 和 GCs 行为之间的关系。
