Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department Radiology, Neurology, Ophthalmology, United States.
Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, United States.
Neuropsychologia. 2017 Dec;107:25-30. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.10.036. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
To demonstrate a correlation between anatomic regional changes in Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 6 (SCA6) patients and measures of cognitive performance on neuropsychological tests.
Neurocognitive testing was conducted on 24 SCA6 and 28 control subjects. For each cognitive test, SCA6 patients were compared against the controls using Student's t-test. For the cerebellar patients, using voxel based morphometry, correlations between cerebellar gray matter volume at each voxel and performance on the neuropsychological exams were calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient implemented in SPM8.
Compared to controls, SCA6 patients exhibited significantly impaired performance on the following cognitive tests: Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning Test Trial V, Controlled Oral Word Association phonemic test and semantic-verb test, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure copy test as well as immediate and delayed visuo-spatial memory recall test, Trail Making Test (TMT) Part A and Part B, Stroop Color Task completion time, Stroop Color-Word Task score, and Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) Dominant and Non-Dominant Hand time. Correlations of gray matter density with cognitive test performance were determined for all SCA6 subjects. Using a p-value threshold of 0.001 and family-wise small volume error correction, significant correlations were found for GPT Non-Dominant, GPT Dominant, TMT Part A, and TMT Part B.
Different regional patterns of cerebellar involvement were found for the motoric GPT task and the executive version of the TMT. The results for the GPT strongly indicated that the integrity of medial superior hemispheric regions was associated with motor task performance, whereas executive cognitive function was localized in distinctly different inferior regions. This is the first VBM study to differentiate cognitive and motor contributions of the cerebellum.
展示脊髓小脑性共济失调 6 型（SCA6）患者解剖区域变化与神经心理学测试认知表现之间的相关性。
对 24 例 SCA6 患者和 28 例对照组进行神经认知测试。对于每个认知测试，使用学生 t 检验比较 SCA6 患者与对照组。对于小脑患者，使用基于体素的形态测量学，使用 SPM8 中实施的 Pearson 相关系数计算每个体素的小脑灰质体积与神经心理学检查表现之间的相关性。
与对照组相比，SCA6 患者在以下认知测试中表现出明显受损的表现： Rey 听觉言语学习测试第五次试验、受控口头联想测试音位和语义-动词测试、Rey-Osterrieth 复杂图形复制测试以及即时和延迟的视空间记忆回忆测试、Trail Making Test (TMT) 部分 A 和部分 B、Stroop 颜色任务完成时间、Stroop 颜色-单词任务得分和 Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) 惯用手和非惯用手时间。对所有 SCA6 患者进行了灰质密度与认知测试表现的相关性分析。使用 p 值阈值为 0.001 且进行全脑小体积错误校正，发现 GPT 非惯用手、GPT 惯用手、TMT 部分 A 和 TMT 部分 B 存在显著相关性。
对于运动性 GPT 任务和 TMT 的执行版本，发现了不同的小脑区域参与模式。GPT 的结果强烈表明，内侧上半球区域的完整性与运动任务表现相关，而执行认知功能定位于明显不同的下区域。这是第一项区分小脑认知和运动贡献的 VBM 研究。
