Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany.
Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2018 Jan 2;8(1):a029637. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029637.
T helper (Th)17 cells are responsible for host defense against fungi and certain extracellular bacteria but have also been reported to play a role in a variety of autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells respond to environmental cues, are very plastic, and might also be involved in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The imprinting of pathogenic properties in Th17 cells in autoimmunity seems highly dependent on interleukin (IL)-23. Since Th17 cells were first described in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, they have been suggested to also promote tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, some studies linked Th17 cells to disease severity in MS, and the efficacy of anti-IL-17A therapy in MS supported this idea. In this review, we will summarize molecular features of Th17 cells and discuss the evidence for their function in experimental models of autoimmune diseases and MS.
辅助性 T 细胞 17（Th17）细胞负责宿主对真菌和某些细胞外细菌的防御，但也有报道称其在多种自身免疫性疾病中发挥作用。Th17 细胞对环境线索有反应，具有很强的可塑性，也可能参与组织稳态和再生。在自身免疫中，Th17 细胞中致病性特征的印记似乎高度依赖于白细胞介素（IL）-23。自从 Th17 细胞在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎中首次被描述以来，它们就被认为也会促进多发性硬化症（MS）中的组织损伤。事实上，一些研究将 Th17 细胞与 MS 的疾病严重程度联系起来，并且抗 IL-17A 疗法在 MS 中的疗效支持了这一观点。在这篇综述中，我们将总结 Th17 细胞的分子特征，并讨论其在自身免疫性疾病和 MS 的实验模型中的功能证据。
