School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2017 Dec;72:67-76. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.10.032. Epub 2017 Nov 4.
A fundamental process during both embryo development and stem cell differentiation is the control of cell lineage determination. In developing skeletal muscle, many of the diffusible signaling molecules, transcription factors and more recently non-coding RNAs that contribute to this process have been identified. This has facilitated advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of cell fate choice. Here we will review the role of non-coding RNAs, in particular microRNAs (miRNAs), in embryonic muscle development and differentiation, and in satellite cells of adult muscle, which are essential for muscle growth and regeneration. Some of these short post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression are restricted to skeletal muscle, but their expression can also be more widespread. In addition, we discuss a few examples of long non-coding RNAs, which are numerous but much less well understood.
胚胎发育和干细胞分化过程中的一个基本过程是控制细胞谱系决定。在发育中的骨骼肌中，许多有助于这一过程的扩散信号分子、转录因子和最近的非编码 RNA 已经被鉴定出来。这促进了我们对控制细胞命运选择的分子机制的理解。在这里，我们将回顾非编码 RNA，特别是 microRNAs（miRNAs），在胚胎肌肉发育和分化以及成年肌肉的卫星细胞中的作用，卫星细胞对于肌肉生长和再生至关重要。这些短的转录后基因表达调节剂中的一些仅局限于骨骼肌，但它们的表达也可能更广泛。此外，我们还讨论了少数长非编码 RNA 的例子，它们数量众多，但了解得较少。
