Merck KGaA, Life Science, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany.
Proionic GmbH, Parkring 18, 8074 Grambach, Austria.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Feb;148:467-472. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.059. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Increased interest in ionic liquids (ILs) is due to their designable and tunable unique physicochemical properties, which are utilized for a wide variety of chemical and biotechnological applications. ILs containing the tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([FAP]) anion have been shown to have excellent hydrolytic, electrochemical and thermal stability and have been successfully used in various applications. In the present study the influence of the cation on the toxicity of the [FAP] anion was investigated. Due to the properties of [FAP] ILs, the IL-toxicity of seven cations with [FAP] compared to [Cl] was examined by determination of minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) on six Gram-positive and six Gram-negative clinically-relevant bacteria. For the first time, to our knowledge, the results provide evidence for a decrease in toxicity with increasing alkyl side-chain length, indicating that the combination of both ions is responsible for this 'reverse side-chain effect'. These findings could portend development of new non-toxic ILs as green alternatives to conventional organic solvents.
人们对离子液体（ILs）的兴趣日益增加，是因为其具有可设计和可调谐的独特物理化学性质，可用于各种化学和生物技术应用。已经证明，含有三（五氟乙基）三氟磷酸盐（[FAP]）阴离子的 ILs 具有出色的水解、电化学和热稳定性，并已成功应用于各种应用。在本研究中，研究了阳离子对[FAP]阴离子毒性的影响。由于[FAP]ILs 的特性，通过测定六种革兰氏阳性菌和六种革兰氏阴性菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC），研究了[FAP]与[Cl]相比七种阳离子的 IL 毒性。据我们所知，这些结果首次提供了毒性随烷基侧链长度增加而降低的证据，表明这两种离子的组合是造成这种“反向侧链效应”的原因。这些发现可能预示着新型无毒 ILs 的开发，作为传统有机溶剂的绿色替代品。
