断奶仔猪日粮中不同水平的乳副产品对断奶至育肥猪生长性能、血尿素氮、腹泻发病率和猪肉品质的影响。
Influence of various levels of milk by-products in weaner diets on growth performance, blood urea nitrogen, diarrhea incidence, and pork quality of weaning to finishing pigs.
作者信息
Yoo S H, Hong J S, Yoo H B, Han T H, Jeong J H, Kim Y Y
机构信息
School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
出版信息
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2018 May;31(5):696-704. doi: 10.5713/ajas.16.0840. Epub 2017 Nov 3.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to evaluate various levels of milk by-product in weaning pig diet on growth performance, blood profiles, carcass characteristics and economic performance for weaning to finishing pigs.
METHODS
A total of 160 weaning pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace]×Duroc), average 7.01±1.32 kg body weight (BW), were allotted to four treatments by BW and sex in 10 replications with 4 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were fed each treatment diet with various levels of milk by-product (Phase 1: 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, Phase 2: 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively). During weaning period (0 to 5 week), weaning pigs were fed experimental diets and all pigs were fed the same commercial feed during growing-finishing period (6 to 14 week).
RESULTS
In the growth trial, BW, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in the nursery period (5 weeks) increased as the milk by-product level in the diet increased (linear, p<0.05). Linear increases of pig BW with increasing the milk product levels were observed until late growing period (linear, p = 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in BW at the finishing periods, ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed ratio during the entire growing-finishing periods. The blood urea nitrogen concentration had no significant difference among dietary treatments. High inclusion level of milk by-product in weaner diet decreased crude protein (quadratic, p = 0.05) and crude ash (Linear, p = 0.05) of Longissimus muscle. In addition, cooking loss and water holding capacity increased with increasing milk product levels in the weaner diets (linear, p<0.01; p = 0.05). High milk by-product treatment had higher feed cost per weight gain compared to non-milk by-products treatment (linear, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Supplementation of 10% to 5% milk by-products in weaning pig diet had results equivalent to the 30% to 15% milk treatment and 0% milk by-product supplementation in the diet had no negative influence on growth performance of finishing pigs.
目的
本研究旨在评估断奶仔猪日粮中不同水平的乳副产品对断奶至育肥猪生长性能、血液指标、胴体特性和经济效益的影响。
方法
选用160头（[约克夏×长白]×杜洛克）断奶仔猪，平均体重7.01±1.32千克，按体重和性别随机分为4组，每组10个重复，每栏4头猪，采用随机完全区组设计。给仔猪饲喂含不同水平乳副产品的日粮（第1阶段：0%、10%、20%和30%，第2阶段：分别为0%、5%、10%和15%）。在断奶期（0至5周），给断奶仔猪饲喂试验日粮，在生长育肥期（6至14周），所有仔猪均饲喂相同的商业饲料。
结果
在生长试验中，保育期（5周）的体重、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）随着日粮中乳副产品水平的增加而增加（呈线性，p<0.05）。直到生长后期，随着乳产品水平的增加，猪体重呈线性增加（呈线性，p = 0.01）。然而，育肥期的体重、整个生长育肥期的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著差异。日粮处理间的血尿素氮浓度无显著差异。断奶仔猪日粮中高含量的乳副产品降低了背最长肌的粗蛋白（呈二次曲线，p = 0.05）和粗灰分（呈线性，p = 0.05）。此外，断奶仔猪日粮中随着乳产品水平的增加，蒸煮损失和持水能力增加（呈线性，p<0.01；p = 0.05）。与无乳副产品处理相比，高乳副产品处理每增重单位的饲料成本更高（呈线性，p = 0.01）。
结论
断奶仔猪日粮中添加10%至5%的乳副产品效果等同于30%至15%的乳产品处理，日粮中不添加乳副产品对育肥猪的生长性能没有负面影响。
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