Azrak Mohamed El, Huang Alice, Hai-Santiago Khalida, Bertone Mary F, DeMaré Daniella, Schroth Robert J
J Can Dent Assoc. 2017 Jan;82:h9.
Children of newcomers to Canada have been identified as at moderately high risk for developing early childhood caries (ECC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health of preschool children of refugee and immigrant families in Winnipeg.
Children < 72 months of age and their parent or primary caregiver were recruited through several newcomer settlement agencies, dental clinics and community programs. Parents and caregivers completed a short questionnaire with the assistance of a research team member. Children underwent a dental examination. Results of the questionnaire were combined with those of the clinical examination and subjected to statistical analysis.
We recruited 211 children. Their mean age was 40.2 ± 15.4 months, and 54.0% were boys. Overall, 45.5% of the children had ECC and 31.8% had severe ECC (S-ECC). The mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) score was 2.2 ± 3.8 (range 0-19), while the mean decayed, missing, filled surfaces (dmfs) score was 4.8 ± 11.0 (range 0-63). Infant dental enucleation was observed in 6 children. Logistic regression analyses showed that increasing age, the presence of debris on teeth, parents believing their child has dental problems and the presence of enamel hypoplasia were significantly and independently associated with ECC and S-ECC (p ≤ 0.05).
ECC is prevalent in children of newcomer families in Manitoba. These data will inform advocacy efforts to improve access to dental care and tailor early childhood oral health promotion and ECC prevention activities for refugees and recent immigrants.
加拿大新移民的子女已被确定为患幼儿龋齿（ECC）的中度高危人群。本研究的目的是调查温尼伯市难民和移民家庭学龄前儿童的口腔健康状况。
通过几家新移民安置机构、牙科诊所和社区项目招募了72个月以下的儿童及其父母或主要照顾者。父母和照顾者在研究团队成员的协助下完成了一份简短的问卷。儿童接受了牙科检查。问卷结果与临床检查结果相结合，并进行了统计分析。
我们招募了211名儿童。他们的平均年龄为40.2±15.4个月，54.0%为男孩。总体而言，45.5%的儿童患有ECC，31.8%患有重度ECC（S-ECC）。龋失补牙数（dmft）平均得分是2.2±3.8（范围0-19），而龋失补牙面数（dmfs）平均得分是4.8±11.0（范围0-63）。6名儿童出现了乳牙早失。逻辑回归分析表明，年龄增长、牙齿上有牙菌斑、父母认为孩子有牙齿问题以及存在釉质发育不全与ECC和S-ECC显著且独立相关（p≤0.05）。
ECC在曼尼托巴省新移民家庭的儿童中很普遍。这些数据将为改善牙科护理可及性的宣传工作提供信息，并为难民和新移民量身定制幼儿口腔健康促进和ECC预防活动。
