Hammac W Ashley, Maaz Tai M, Koenig Richard T, Burke Ian C, Pan William L
USDA, Agriculture Research Service, National Soil Erosion Research Lab , 275 South Russell St., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Washington State University , PO Box 646420, Pullman, Washington 99164-6420, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Dec 6;65(48):10429-10438. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02778. Epub 2017 Nov 17.
Interactive effects of weather and soil nutrient status often control crop productivity. An experiment was conducted to determine effects of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilizer rate, soil water, and atmospheric temperature on canola (Brassica napus L.) fatty acid (FA), total oil, protein, and grain yield. Nitrogen and sulfur were assessed in a 4-yr study with two locations, five N rates (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg ha), and two S rates (0 and 17 kg ha). Water and temperature were assessed using variability across 12 site-years of dryland canola production. Effects of N and S were inconsistent. Unsaturated FA, oleic acid, grain oil, protein, and theoretical maximum grain yield were highly related to water and temperature variability across the site-years. A nonlinear model identified water and temperature conditions that enabled production of maximum unsaturated FA content, oleic acid content, total oil, protein, and theoretical maximum grain yield. Water and temperature variability played a larger role than soil nutrient status on canola grain constituents and yield.
天气与土壤养分状况的交互作用常常控制着作物产量。开展了一项实验，以确定氮（N）肥和硫（S）肥施用量、土壤水分及大气温度对油菜（Brassica napus L.）脂肪酸（FA）、总含油量、蛋白质及籽粒产量的影响。在一项为期4年的研究中，于两个地点对氮和硫进行了评估，设置了5个氮肥施用量水平（0、45、90、135和180千克/公顷）以及2个硫肥施用量水平（0和17千克/公顷）。利用12个旱地油菜生产地点年份间的变异性对水分和温度进行了评估。氮和硫的影响并不一致。不饱和脂肪酸、油酸、籽粒含油量、蛋白质以及理论最大籽粒产量与各地点年份间的水分和温度变异性高度相关。一个非线性模型确定了能够实现最大不饱和脂肪酸含量、油酸含量、总含油量、蛋白质以及理论最大籽粒产量的水分和温度条件。水分和温度变异性对油菜籽粒成分和产量的影响比土壤养分状况更大。
