Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Nurs Ethics. 2019 May;26(3):753-766. doi: 10.1177/0969733017734411. Epub 2017 Nov 7.
Despite the growing importance of spiritual care, the delivery of spiritual care is still an area of disagreement among healthcare providers.
To develop a grounded theory about spiritual care delivery based on Iranian nurses' perceptions and experiences.
A qualitative study using the grounded theory approach.
Data were collected through holding 27 interviews with 25 participants (17 staff nurses, 3 physicians, 3 patients, 1 family member, and 1 nurse assistant). The study setting was the Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex. Sampling was started purposively and continued theoretically. Data analysis was performed by the method proposed by Strauss and Corbin.
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tarbiat Modares University and the agreement of the administrators of the study setting was got before starting the study.
The core category of the study was "Trust building" which reflected the nature of spiritual care delivery by nurses. Trust building was the result of eight main categories or strategies including creating a positive mentality at hospital admission, understanding patients in care circumstances, having a caring presence, adhering to care ethics, developing meaningful relationships, promoting positive thinking and energy, establishing effective communication with patients, and attempting to create a safe therapeutic environment. Poor interprofessional coordination negatively affected this process while living toward developing greater cognizance of divinity and adhering to the principles of professional ethics facilitated it. The outcome of the process was to gain a sense of partial psychological security.
The "Trust building" theory can be used as a guide for describing and expanding nurses' roles in spiritual care delivery, developing care documentation systems and clinical guidelines, and planning educational programs for nursing students and staff nurses.
尽管精神关怀的重要性日益增加，但医疗保健提供者在提供精神关怀方面仍存在分歧。
基于伊朗护士的看法和经验，制定关于精神关怀提供的扎根理论。
采用扎根理论方法的定性研究。
通过与 25 名参与者（17 名在职护士、3 名医生、3 名患者、1 名家属和 1 名护士助理）进行 27 次访谈收集数据。研究地点是伊玛目霍梅尼医院综合大楼。采用有目的和理论上的抽样方法。数据分析采用 Strauss 和 Corbin 提出的方法进行。
该研究得到了塔比阿特莫达雷斯大学伦理委员会的批准，并在开始研究之前获得了研究地点管理人员的同意。
研究的核心范畴是“建立信任”，反映了护士提供精神关怀的性质。建立信任是八项主要类别或策略的结果，包括在入院时营造积极心态、在护理环境中理解患者、关怀存在、坚持护理伦理、建立有意义的关系、促进积极思考和能量、与患者建立有效的沟通，并试图营造一个安全的治疗环境。不良的跨专业协调会对这一过程产生负面影响，而对神性的认识不断提高并遵守职业道德原则则会促进这一过程。这一过程的结果是获得部分心理安全感。
“建立信任”理论可用于描述和扩展护士在精神关怀提供中的角色，制定护理记录系统和临床指南，并为护理学生和在职护士规划教育计划。
