Zicha J, Kunes J, Lébl M, Pohlová I, Slaninová J, Jelínek J
Institute of Physiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague.
Am J Physiol. 1989 Jan;256(1 Pt 2):R138-45. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1989.256.1.R138.
The role of antidiuretic and pressor effects of vasopressin (VP) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension was studied in young and adult Brattleboro rats. The antidiuretic VP action was a necessary prerequisite for the development of severe DOCA-salt hypertension. The insufficient expansion of extracellular fluid volume in DOCA-salt-treated VP-deficient (DI) rats was associated with the attenuation of their hypertensive response, although they had highly increased blood volume and extracellular sodium. Chronic [deamino]-D-arginine vasopressin supplementation that restored volume and distribution of body fluids in DI rats permitted the full development of DOCA-salt hypertension. Blood pressure response to DOCA-salt treatment was always greater in young than in adult Brattleboro rats (even in animals lacking pressor or both VP effects). In animals in which antidiuretic VP effects were present, the pattern of body fluid response to DOCA-salt treatment was also age dependent. There was a tendency to intravascular expansion in young hypertensive rats, whereas an increase of interstitial fluid volume was found in adult animals. The elimination of VP pressor action lowered systemic resistance much more in adult than in young hypertensive rats. We conclude that 1) in adult but not in young rats antidiuretic VP effects are essential for the occurrence of blood pressure response to DOCA-salt treatment, 2) the restoration of body fluids due to antidiuretic VP action enables the development of hypertension in both age groups of DI rats, and 3) pressor VP effects contribute to the maintenance of hypertension, especially in adult animals.
在幼年和成年的布拉特洛维大鼠中，研究了血管加压素（VP）的抗利尿和升压作用在醋酸脱氧皮质酮（DOCA）-盐性高血压中的作用。抗利尿性VP作用是严重DOCA-盐性高血压发生的必要前提。在接受DOCA-盐治疗的VP缺乏（DI）大鼠中，细胞外液体积扩张不足与其高血压反应减弱有关，尽管它们的血容量和细胞外钠含量大幅增加。对DI大鼠进行慢性补充[脱氨基]-D-精氨酸加压素可恢复体液的体积和分布，从而使DOCA-盐性高血压充分发展。幼年布拉特洛维大鼠对DOCA-盐治疗的血压反应总是大于成年大鼠（即使在缺乏升压作用或两种VP作用的动物中也是如此）。在存在抗利尿性VP作用的动物中，对DOCA-盐治疗的体液反应模式也与年龄有关。幼年高血压大鼠有血管内扩张的趋势而成年动物则出现间质液体积增加。消除VP升压作用后，成年高血压大鼠的全身阻力降低幅度比幼年大鼠大得多。我们得出以下结论：1）在成年大鼠而非幼年大鼠中，抗利尿性VP作用是对DOCA-盐治疗产生血压反应的必要条件；2）抗利尿性VP作用导致的体液恢复使两个年龄组的DI大鼠都能发生高血压；3）升压性VP作用有助于维持高血压，尤其是在成年动物中。
