Visalli G, Avventuroso E, Laganà P, Spataro P, Di Pietro A, Bertuccio M P, Picerno I
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2017 Sep;58(3):E211-E218.
Epidemiological studies are a key element in determining the evolution and spread of HIV infection among the world population. Knowledge of the epidemiological dynamics improves strategies for prevention and monitoring.
We examined 2,272 subjects who voluntarily underwent HIV testing from January 1992 to December 2015. For each subject, an anonymous form was completed to obtain information on personal data, sexual habits and exposure to risk factors.
The number of subjects undergoing the screening test has increased over the years and the average age of the tested subjects has decreased over time. The main motivation for undergoing HIV testing is unprotected sex. Although heterosexual subjects taking the test were more numerous than homosexuals in this study, an increase in the latter over time should be highlighted.
Although the number of tests performed has increased over the years, the persistence of unprotected sex shows an inadequate perception of risk. Therefore, it is necessary to implement programmes to increase the general awareness of HIV infection. It is also essential to undertake constant monitoring of behaviour, risk perception and the application of the screening test via surveillance systems in order to implement effective and efficient prevention.
流行病学研究是确定全球人群中艾滋病毒感染的演变和传播情况的关键要素。了解流行病学动态有助于改进预防和监测策略。
我们对1992年1月至2015年12月期间自愿接受艾滋病毒检测的2272名受试者进行了检查。为每位受试者填写一份匿名表格，以获取有关个人数据、性行为习惯和接触危险因素的信息。
多年来接受筛查检测的受试者数量有所增加，且受测受试者的平均年龄随时间下降。接受艾滋病毒检测的主要动机是无保护性行为。尽管在本研究中接受检测的异性恋受试者比同性恋者更多，但应强调后者的数量随时间有所增加。
尽管多年来进行检测的数量有所增加，但无保护性行为的持续存在表明对风险的认识不足。因此，有必要实施提高对艾滋病毒感染总体认识的方案。通过监测系统持续监测行为、风险认知和筛查检测的应用情况也至关重要，以便实施有效且高效的预防措施。
