Fauza Dario O
J Pediatr Rehabil Med. 2017 Dec 11;10(3-4):185-188. doi: 10.3233/PRM-170449.
Regenerative medicine as it applies to spina bifida is a multi-pronged endeavor involving spinal cord repair, tissue engineering and fetal regeneration, all of which can mutually overlap to variable extents. The efforts involving spinal cord repair, whether they be cell-based or not, are virtually indistinguishable from the enormous body of work related to spinal cord recovery after traumatic injury. Tissue engineering, on the other hand, can involve a variety of structures besides constructs used for covering the spina bifida defect, for example the urinary bladder, bone, muscle and skin. This brief review will not delve into any of these two main areas, which actually can also involve fetal interventions within their respective realms, but rather be devoted to a very recent development making use of the uniquely enhanced ability of the fetus to repair, or regenerate areas of tissue damage, coined transamniotic stem cell therapy, or TRASCET. TRASCET is a still experimental therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of not only spina bifida, but also other birth defects, based on the principle of harnessing/enhancing the normal biological role of a select population of stem cells that naturally occur in the amniotic fluid, specifically amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (afMSCs), for therapeutic benefit.
再生医学应用于脊柱裂是一项多方面的努力，涉及脊髓修复、组织工程和胎儿再生，所有这些在不同程度上可能相互重叠。涉及脊髓修复的工作，无论是否基于细胞，实际上与创伤性损伤后脊髓恢复的大量工作并无二致。另一方面，组织工程除了用于覆盖脊柱裂缺损的构建物外，还可涉及多种结构，例如膀胱、骨骼、肌肉和皮肤。本简要综述不会深入探讨这两个主要领域中的任何一个，实际上这两个领域在各自范围内也可能涉及胎儿干预，而是将致力于一项非常新的进展，即利用胎儿独特的增强修复或再生组织损伤区域的能力，即经羊膜干细胞疗法（TRASCET）。TRASCET是一种仍处于实验阶段的治疗模式，不仅用于治疗脊柱裂，还用于治疗其他出生缺陷，其原理是利用/增强羊水中自然存在的特定干细胞群体（特别是羊水来源的间充质干细胞（afMSCs））的正常生物学作用以获得治疗益处。
