Marcello-Machado R M, Faot F, Schuster A J, Nascimento G G, Del Bel Cury A A
Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
J Oral Rehabil. 2018 Feb;45(2):161-183. doi: 10.1111/joor.12585. Epub 2017 Dec 2.
This study reviews the clinical and radiographic outcomes of Mini-implants (MI) and Narrow Diameter Implants (NDI) as mandibular overdenture (MO) retainers. Six databases were consulted for clinical studies that evaluated implants with diameter ≤3.5 mm. Data on the MI and NDI for survival and success rate and peri-implant bone loss and were collected and submitted to meta-analysis. Thirty-six studies were included, 24 reporting MI performance and 12 describing NDI results. The MI group comprised data from 1 cross-sectional clinical study, 3 retrospective longitudinal (RL) clinical studies, 13 prospective longitudinal (PL) clinical studies and 7 randomised clinical trials (RCT) with follow-up periods ranging from 1 day to 7 years. Eight studies used conventional loading, thirteen used immediate loading, two studies used both loading types, and one study did not report. The NDI group comprised data from 3 RL clinical studies, 6 PL clinical studies and 3 RCT with follow-up ranging from 6 months to 10 years. Ten studies used conventional loading, 1 study used immediate loading, and 1 study did not report. The average survival rates of MI and NDI studies were 98% and 98%, respectively, while the average success rates were 93% and 96%, respectively. The average peri-implant bone loss after 12, 24 and 36 months was 0.89, 1.18 and 1.02 mm for MI and 0.18, 0.12 and -0.32 mm for NDI. Both MI and NDI showed adequate clinical behaviour as overdenture retainers. The NDI showed a better long-term predictability to retain OM with most studies adopting conventional loading.
本研究回顾了微型种植体（MI）和窄径种植体（NDI）作为下颌覆盖义齿（MO）固位体的临床和影像学结果。查阅了六个数据库，以获取评估直径≤3.5毫米种植体的临床研究。收集了关于MI和NDI的生存和成功率以及种植体周围骨丢失的数据，并进行荟萃分析。纳入了36项研究，其中24项报告了MI的性能，12项描述了NDI的结果。MI组的数据来自1项横断面临床研究、3项回顾性纵向（RL）临床研究、13项前瞻性纵向（PL）临床研究和7项随机临床试验（RCT），随访期从1天至7年。8项研究采用传统加载，13项采用即刻加载，2项研究同时使用了两种加载类型，1项研究未报告。NDI组的数据来自3项RL临床研究、6项PL临床研究和3项RCT，随访期从6个月至10年。10项研究采用传统加载，1项研究采用即刻加载，1项研究未报告。MI和NDI研究的平均生存率分别为98%和98%，而平均成功率分别为93%和96%。MI在12个月、24个月和36个月后的平均种植体周围骨丢失分别为0.89毫米、1.18毫米和1.02毫米，NDI分别为0.18毫米、0.12毫米和 -0.32毫米。MI和NDI作为覆盖义齿固位体均表现出足够的临床性能。NDI在保留覆盖义齿方面显示出更好的长期可预测性，大多数研究采用传统加载。
