Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jan;25(2):1044-1054. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0526-9. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
With the development of industrialization and urbanization, metal and metalloid pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in China. Current contamination status of metals and metalloid and their potential ecological risks along China's coasts were reviewed in the present paper by a comprehensive study on metal contents in marine waters and sediments in the past few decades. The priority metals/metalloid cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As), which were the target elements of the designated project "Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution" issued by the Chinese government in 2011, were selected considering their high toxicity, persistence, and prevalent existence in coastal environment. Commonly used environmental quality evaluation methods for single and combined metals were compared, and we accordingly suggest the comprehensive approach of joint utilization of the Enrichment Factor and Effect Range Median combined with Pollution Load Index and Mean Effect Range Median Quotient (EEPME); this battery of guidelines may provide consistent, internationally comparable, and accurate understanding of the environment pollution status of combined metals/metalloid and their potential ecological risk.
随着工业化和城市化的发展，金属和类金属污染是中国最严重的环境问题之一。本研究通过综合分析过去几十年中国近岸海域海水和沉积物中金属含量，综述了中国近岸海域金属和类金属的污染现状及其潜在生态风险。考虑到这些金属/类金属（镉、汞、铬、铅和砷）的高毒性、持久性和在沿海环境中的普遍存在，选择了它们作为中国政府 2011 年发布的“重金属污染综合防治”指定项目的目标元素。本文比较了常用的单一和组合金属环境质量评价方法，并建议综合利用富集因子和效应区间中位数与污染负荷指数和平均效应区间中位数比值（EEPME）的方法；该套准则可以为组合金属/类金属的环境污染状况及其潜在生态风险提供一致的、国际可比的和准确的认识。
