Burton E Thomaseo, Wilder Tanganyika, Beech Bettina M, Bruce Marino A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 N. Dunlap Street, Room 452R, Memphis, TN 38103, USA; Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, 50 N. Dunlap Street, Room 452R, Memphis, TN 38103, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1530 Martin Luther King Boulevard JH 514, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA.
Eat Behav. 2017 Dec;27:33-38. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Adolescence is a stage in the life course during which youth become more autonomous in their health behaviors. Overweight and obesity during this developmental period are associated with short- and long-term physical and emotional morbidity, and African American youth are at pronounced risk for these health outcomes. The style of parenting employed by caregivers influences health behaviors in children, though the persistence of this influence into adolescence is not clear. This study examined associations among caregiver feeding practices, body mass index z-score (zBMI), and waist circumference (WC) in a cohort of 212 African American adolescents (50.5% girls; M=15.16years). Participants were children and grandchildren of individuals enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study, a prospective epidemiologic evaluation of cardiovascular disease among African Americans based in Jackson, Mississippi. Youth zBMI and WC were primary outcomes, and caregivers completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire, an assessment of attitudes, beliefs, and practices related to obesity proneness. Regression analyses revealed that while controlling caregiver feeding practices were associated with zBMI and WC, perceived responsibility for the type and amount of food provided to adolescents was not related to weight status. Among younger adolescents, more oversight of their eating practices was related to higher zBMI. Similarly, boys whose intake of unhealthy foods was restricted were more likely to have higher zBMI and WC. Results suggest that caregiver feeding practices continue to be associated with weight status during adolescence, and underscore the importance of culturally and developmentally appropriate prevention and intervention efforts targeting overweight and obesity.
青春期是人生历程中的一个阶段，在此期间青少年在健康行为方面变得更加自主。在这个发育阶段超重和肥胖与短期和长期的身体及情感疾病相关，非裔美国青少年面临这些健康问题的风险尤为突出。照顾者采用的育儿方式会影响儿童的健康行为，不过这种影响在青春期是否持续尚不清楚。本研究在一个由212名非裔美国青少年（50.5%为女孩；平均年龄M = 15.16岁）组成的队列中，考察了照顾者喂养方式、体重指数z评分（zBMI）和腰围（WC）之间的关联。参与者是参加杰克逊心脏研究的个体的子女和孙辈，该研究是对密西西比州杰克逊市非裔美国人心血管疾病进行的一项前瞻性流行病学评估。青少年的zBMI和WC是主要结果，照顾者完成了儿童喂养问卷，这是一项对与肥胖倾向相关的态度、信念和行为的评估。回归分析显示，在控制变量后，照顾者的喂养方式与zBMI和WC相关，但对提供给青少年的食物类型和数量的感知责任与体重状况无关。在较年轻的青少年中，对他们饮食习惯的更多监督与较高的zBMI相关。同样，不健康食物摄入量受到限制的男孩更有可能有较高的zBMI和WC。结果表明，照顾者的喂养方式在青春期仍然与体重状况相关，并强调了针对超重和肥胖问题进行文化和发育适宜的预防及干预措施的重要性。
