Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
Department of Growing, Production and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Mar 15;618:188-198. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.013. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
Zinc (Zn) immobilization by two distinct biochars in soil, together with concomitant alleviation of phytotoxic responses in Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem., were examined. Rooted cuttings of F. elastica were grown in 880mgkg Zn-spiked sandy soil amended with grain husk (GH) or cattle manure (CM) biochar at 0, 10, 30 and 50gkg soil for a period of 6months. Addition of both GH and CM biochars had significant positive impacts on physiological parameters such as plant growth, leaf relative water content, photosynthetic pigments and leaf gas exchange characteristics. The responses to addition of CM biochar were significantly better than to GH biochar. Lipid peroxidation declined in leaves of plants grown in Zn-contaminated, biochar-amended soil. This was confirmed by luminescence and Fourier transform infrared analysis of the leaf material. Biochar significantly reduced the availability of soil Zn, as evidenced by lower concentrations of Zn in leaves and leachates of biochar treated plants relative to control plants. These findings show that biochar can effectively immobilize soil Zn, and as a result, alleviate Zn phytotoxicity by reducing its uptake and accumulation in the plant. Adding biochar to soils contaminated with metals thus holds promise as a means of restoring blighted lands.
研究了两种不同生物炭对土壤中锌的固定作用，以及同时减轻榕树叶对橡胶榕的植物毒性反应。将橡胶榕带根插条种植在 880mgkg 锌污染的沙质土壤中，并用谷壳（GH）或牛粪（CM）生物炭在 0、10、30 和 50gkg 土壤中添加，为期 6 个月。添加 GH 和 CM 生物炭对植物生长、叶片相对含水量、光合色素和叶片气体交换特性等生理参数都有显著的积极影响。添加 CM 生物炭的反应明显优于添加 GH 生物炭。在锌污染的生物炭改良土壤中生长的植物叶片中的脂质过氧化作用下降。这一点通过对叶片材料的发光和傅里叶变换红外分析得到了证实。生物炭显著降低了土壤中锌的有效性，这表现在处理过的生物炭植物叶片和淋出液中的锌浓度相对于对照植物要低。这些发现表明，生物炭可以有效地固定土壤中的锌，从而通过减少植物对锌的吸收和积累来减轻其对植物的毒性。因此，向受金属污染的土壤中添加生物炭有望成为恢复退化土地的一种手段。
