Hou Fei, Ni Zhao-Hong, Zou Meng-Ting, Zhu Rui, Yi Tian-Ci, Guo Jian-Jun, Jin Dao-Chao
Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P. R. China, Guiyang 550025, China.
Insects. 2022 Nov 9;13(11):1036. doi: 10.3390/insects13111036.
The development, survivorship, fecundity, and cannibalism of the predatory phytoseiid mite, (Chant), fed six different alternative foods (, , , almond pollen (), apple pollen (), maize pollen ()), and natural prey () were determined in the laboratory. Our findings indicated that that fed on all six alternative foods could normally complete its developmental and reproductive cycles. The shortest pre-adult developmental duration was observed when fed on almond pollen (4.91 d) as well as (4.90 d), and the longest when it fed on maize pollen (6.24 d). Pre-adult survival rates were higher when the predator fed on almond pollen (0.99), maize pollen (0.96), and (0.93). The highest fecundity was observed when fed on apple pollen (28.55 eggs/female), almond pollen (26.06 eggs/female), and (26.02 eggs/female) in addition to (48.95 eggs/female), and the lowest when it fed on maize pollen (7.84 eggs/female). The highest value of the intrinsic rate of increase () was obtained when fed on (0.202 d) in addition to (0.210 d), followed by almond pollen (0.163 d), and the lowest was when it fed on maize pollen (0.064 d). Cannibalism of conspecific eggs by adults of did not occur when and were provided. The cannibalism rate of the predatory mite was the lowest when fed on almond pollen, and and the highest on apple pollen. Above all, when fed on and almond pollen, and with no or low cannibalism rate, had the best development, survivorship, fecundity, and population parameters. Therefore, and almond pollen could be potential alternative foods for mass rearing programs of or to support its population in the fields.
在实验室中测定了以六种不同替代食物（西方花蓟马、二斑叶螨、朱砂叶螨、杏仁花粉、苹果花粉、玉米花粉）以及天然猎物（西方花蓟马）为食的捕食性植绥螨加州新小绥螨（Chant）的发育、存活、繁殖及同类相食情况。我们的研究结果表明，取食所有六种替代食物的加州新小绥螨都能正常完成其发育和繁殖周期。当加州新小绥螨取食杏仁花粉（4.91天）以及西方花蓟马（4.90天）时，观察到其未成熟期发育持续时间最短，而取食玉米花粉时最长（6.24天）。当捕食者取食杏仁花粉（0.99）、玉米花粉（0.96）和西方花蓟马（0.93）时，未成熟期存活率较高。除西方花蓟马（48.95粒卵/雌）外，当加州新小绥螨取食苹果花粉（28.55粒卵/雌）、杏仁花粉（26.06粒卵/雌）和西方花蓟马（26.02粒卵/雌）时，观察到其繁殖力最高，而取食玉米花粉时最低（7.84粒卵/雌）。当加州新小绥螨取食西方花蓟马（0.202天）以及西方花蓟马（0.210天）时，获得最高的内禀增长率（rm），其次是杏仁花粉（0.163天），最低的是取食玉米花粉时（0.064天）。当提供西方花蓟马和西方花蓟马时，加州新小绥螨成虫未出现同类相食同种卵的情况。捕食螨取食杏仁花粉、西方花蓟马和西方花蓟马时同类相食率最低，而取食苹果花粉时最高。最重要的是，当取食西方花蓟马和杏仁花粉且同类相食率低或无时，加州新小绥螨具有最佳的发育、存活、繁殖力和种群参数。因此，西方花蓟马和杏仁花粉可能是加州新小绥螨大规模饲养计划的潜在替代食物，或用于维持田间其种群数量。
