Karsch Susanne, Kong Deqing, Großhans Jörg, Janshoff Andreas
Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Institute for Developmental Biochemistry, Medical School, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Biophys J. 2017 Dec 19;113(12):2601-2608. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.10.025. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
Epithelial cells are responsible for tissue homeostasis and form a barrier to maintain chemical gradients and mechanical integrity. Therefore, rapid wound closure is crucial for proper tissue function and restoring homeostasis. In this study, the mechanical properties of cells surrounding a single-cell wound are investigated during closure of the defect. The single-cell wound is induced in an intact layer using micropipette action and responses in neighboring cells are monitored with atomic force microscopy. Direct neighbors reveal a rise in the apparent pretension, which is dominated by cortical tension. The same effect was observed for a single-cell wound induced by laser ablation and during closure of a not fully confluent layer. Moreover, changes in the apparent pretension are far reaching and persist even in cells separated by three cell widths from the defect. This shows that epithelial cells respond to minimal wounds in a collective fashion by increased contractility with substantial reach.
上皮细胞负责组织稳态，并形成一道屏障来维持化学梯度和机械完整性。因此，快速伤口闭合对于正常组织功能和恢复稳态至关重要。在本研究中，在缺损闭合过程中研究了单细胞伤口周围细胞的力学特性。使用微量移液器作用在完整层中诱导单细胞伤口，并用原子力显微镜监测邻近细胞的反应。直接相邻的细胞显示出表观预张力增加，这主要由皮层张力主导。在激光烧蚀诱导的单细胞伤口以及未完全汇合层的闭合过程中也观察到了相同的效果。此外，表观预张力的变化影响深远，即使在与缺损相隔三个细胞宽度的细胞中也依然存在。这表明上皮细胞通过集体增加收缩力且影响范围广泛的方式对微小伤口做出反应。
