Eriksson M, Larsson G, Winbladh B, Zetterström R
Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl. 1979;275:96-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb06167.x.
Accidental poisoning in pre-school children requiring hospital admission has increased sixfold from 1955 to 1975 in the Stockholm area. The mortality from this accident has decreased from 0.5 to less than 0.1 per 100 000 pre-school children in the whole of Sweden during the same period. Medical and psychosocial background factors were investigated in 104 consecutive in-patients (0--6 years old) with accidental poisoning and compared to an out-patient group, a group of patients who only had called the poison control centre, and a matched control group from Child Health Centres. There were no difference between the groups regarding health and history of earlier accidents except that 20--25% of the families of the poisoned children and 7% of the control families had called the Poison Control Centre before. Change of residence during the last 6 months was much commoner among families of poisoned children than of nonpoisoned. Other social stress factors were more common among in-patients than out-patients. The measures taken by the parents to combat the poisoning were adequate in most cases. The decrease in mortality inspite of the increase in potentially dangerous accidental poisonings may be attributed to a good knowledge among parents about adequate measures and where to seek advice resulting in early treatment, and to intensive care and antidote therapy.
在斯德哥尔摩地区，1955年至1975年期间，需要住院治疗的学龄前儿童意外中毒事件增加了五倍。同期，全瑞典此类事故导致的死亡率从每10万名学龄前儿童中有0.5人死亡降至不到0.1人。对104名连续住院的意外中毒患儿（0至6岁）的医学和心理社会背景因素进行了调查，并与门诊组、仅拨打过中毒控制中心电话的患者组以及来自儿童健康中心的匹配对照组进行了比较。除了20%至25%的中毒儿童家庭和7%的对照家庭之前拨打过中毒控制中心电话外，各群体在健康状况和既往事故史方面没有差异。在过去6个月内搬家的情况，中毒儿童家庭比未中毒儿童家庭更为常见。其他社会压力因素在住院患者中比门诊患者中更为常见。大多数情况下，家长采取的应对中毒的措施是恰当的。尽管潜在危险的意外中毒事件有所增加，但死亡率却有所下降，这可能归因于家长对适当措施及何处寻求建议有充分了解，从而得以早期治疗，也归因于重症监护和解毒治疗。
