Ecologie de la faune terrestre UR17ES44, Département des Sciences de la vie, Faculté des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia.
Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case Postale 55, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jan;25(3):2623-2629. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0703-x. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
The present study assessed the impact of metal pollution on two widely consumed types of wild fish Sardinella aurita and Mugil cephalus captured from the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia) which is currently experiencing acute environmental problems. A study of the Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb levels present in the studied site and vital in fish tissues (gills, liver, gonad, and muscle) was undertaken. As expected, muscle, liver, and gonad tissues contained the highest concentrations of all metals except for Zn. The metal levels showed a significant variation of accumulation between species with overall effects of the tested tissues. In addition, the results address the significant effects of the species/tissue interaction. Liver sections showed structural alterations consisting mainly of a significant desquamation of the tissue, a fibroblast proliferation, and a lipid droplet accumulation in both species. Additionally, the presence of skeletal abnormalities affecting the vertebral column was observed in the M. cephalus specimens. As a whole, our data provide the first evidence of distinctive metal accumulation patterns in vital fish tissues as well as the interspecific difference that can be correlated with the biological habits of the two selected models, S. aurita and M. cephalus, known respectively as pelagic and benthopelagic species.
本研究评估了金属污染对两种广泛食用的野生鱼类——沙丁鱼（Sardinella aurita）和鲻鱼（Mugil cephalus）的影响，这些鱼类是从加贝斯湾（突尼斯）捕捞的，该地区目前正面临严重的环境问题。研究了研究地点和鱼类组织（鳃、肝、性腺和肌肉）中存在的 Cd、Cu、Zn 和 Pb 水平。正如预期的那样，除了 Zn 之外，肌肉、肝脏和性腺组织中所有金属的浓度最高。金属水平在物种之间的积累存在显著差异，对测试组织有整体影响。此外，结果还表明了物种/组织相互作用的显著影响。肝组织显示出结构改变，主要表现为组织明显脱落、成纤维细胞增殖和两种物种中脂质滴的积累。此外，还观察到鲻鱼标本的脊椎骨骼异常。总的来说，我们的数据提供了鱼类重要组织中独特的金属积累模式以及种间差异的第一个证据，这种差异可以与两种选定模型（分别为洄游性和底栖性的沙丁鱼和鲻鱼）的生物学习性相关联。
